PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION: Dystrophic & Metastatic Calcification

A series of video tutorials discussing the pathology of cell injury and adaptations.
In this tutorial , i have discussed Pathologic Calcification.
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PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION
Abnormal tissue deposition of calcium salts, together with smaller amounts of iron, magnesium, and other mineral salts

DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
Occurs locally in dead and degenerated tissues
Normal levels of serum calcium
Absence of derangements in calcium metabolism
METASTATIC CALCIFICATION
Deposition in normal tissues
Increased levels of serum calcium
Disturbance in calcium metabolism
(in hyperparathyroidism, bone damage or diseases etc
METASTATIC CALCIFICATION
1. 4 Primary causes
1. Elevated PTH causing bone resorption
1. Primary hyperparathyroidism : adenomas
2. Secondary hyperparathyroidism : paraneoplastic syndromes
2. Destruction of bone, in tumors like myeloma, leukemia and other tumors
3. Vitamin D related disorders like intoxication – increased absorption of calcium
4. Renal failure (phosphate retention so increased PTH)
2. Occurs throughout the body but favors tissues that excrete acid - ( internal environment is alkaline) favoring calcium deposition.
3. Gastric mucosa( around fundic glands), lungs ( alveolar wall), kidneys( tubules)
Morphology
Macroscopy: Can vary in size, white granules which may be gritty
Microscopy: Basophilic, amorphous or granular appearance/ in clumps.
Intracellular, extracellular or both in H & E stained sections
• Psammoma bodies: concentric laminations of calcium deposition.

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Please watch: "WARBURG EFFECT: Hallmark of CANCER. What, Why & How?"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXaO59IqQm8
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Видео PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION: Dystrophic & Metastatic Calcification канала ilovepathology