INTRACELLULAR ACCUMULATIONS: PIGMENTS

A series of video tutorials discussing the topics for undergraduates in Pathology
In this tutorial , i have discussed Intracellular accumulations- accumulation of PIGMENTS

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Pigments are colored substances, some of which are normal constituents of cells (e.g., melanin), whereas others are abnormal and accumulate in cells only under special circumstances

Exogenous

Carbon / coal dust
Anthracosis
Coal workers pneumoconiosis
Tattooing
India ink, carbon
Ingested
Argyria : silver
Lead ,carotenemia
ENDOGENOUS
Lipofuschin
Melanin
Hemosiderin

LIPOFUSCHIN
Insoluble pigment, also known as lipochrome or wear-and-tear pigment /aging pigment
Derived from Latin Fuscus, Brown- Brown Lipid
Composed of polymers of lipids and phospholipids in complex with protein

Not injurious to the cell or its functions
Telltale sign of free radical injury and lipid peroxidation
Melanin
(Greek. Melas-Black)
Endogenous, non-hemoglobin-derived, brown-black pigment

Only endogenous brown-black pigment

Formed when the enzyme tyrosinase catalyzes the oxidation of tyrosine to dihydroxyphenylalanine in melanocytes and dendritic cells.
Hemosiderin
Hemoglobin-derived, golden yellow-to-brown, granular or crystalline pigment
Major storage forms of iron
Hemosiderin pigment represents aggregates of ferritin micelles
Hemosiderin is ferric (+3 charge) iron

Small amounts of hemosiderin can be seen in the mononuclear phagocytes of the bone marrow, spleen, and liver, which are actively engaged in red cell breakdown.

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Please watch: "WARBURG EFFECT: Hallmark of CANCER. What, Why & How?"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXaO59IqQm8
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Видео INTRACELLULAR ACCUMULATIONS: PIGMENTS канала ilovepathology