Bacterial Vaginosis Gardnerella Vaginalis vaginal infection With Fish Smelling Odour ; Causes

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiome, often involving Gardnerella vaginalis. Normally, the vagina maintains a balance of beneficial bacteria, primarily Lactobacillus species, which help regulate pH and prevent infections. However, when Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic bacteria overgrow, BV can develop.

Symptoms of BV
Unusual vaginal discharge (thin, gray or white).

Strong fishy odor, especially after intercourse.

Itching or irritation around the vagina.

Burning sensation during urination.

Risk Factors
Multiple or new sexual partners.

Douching, which disrupts vaginal flora.

Lack of condom use.

Hormonal changes (e.g., menstruation).

Complications
If left untreated, BV can increase the risk of:

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Pregnancy complications (preterm birth, miscarriage).

Treatment
BV is curable with antibiotics such as:

Metronidazole (oral or vaginal gel).

Clindamycin (cream or oral tablets).

Tinidazole (alternative treatment).

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