What is Acid Rain - How Dangerous is it?

What is Acid Rain?
𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗲𝘅:
⏲ 0:00 The pH Scale
⏲ 0:41 pH of rainwater
⏲ 1:02 How does acid rain form?
⏲ 1:55 Effects of acid rain

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📚𝐃𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐝'𝐬 𝐁𝐨𝐨𝐤𝐬
📕 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗿𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝗵𝘀: 𝗔𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗕𝗲𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗱
(https://www.amazon.com/Weird-Maths-Agnijo-Banerjee-Darling/dp/1786072645)
📙 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝗵𝘀: 𝗔𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗹𝗲
(https://www.amazon.com/Weirder-Maths-At-Edge-Possible/dp/1786075083/)
📗 𝗪𝗲𝗶𝗿𝗱𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝗵𝘀: 𝗔𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗼𝗻
(https://www.amazon.com/Weirdest-Maths-David-Darling/dp/1786078058/)
** The kindle versions are available
*** For more details : http://weirdmaths.com/

📄𝐓𝐞𝐱𝐭:
Acidity of a substance is measured by using pH scale. This scale consists of 14 number. 7 is the neutral point. Acidity increases from 7 to 0 whereas alkalinity increases from 7 to 14. pH scale is a logarithmic scale, that means for example, pH 5, 10 times acidic than pH 6 whereas pH 2, 10000 times acidic than pH 6.

Rain’s pH is not 7 but between 5 and 5.5. This is because water molecules in water droplets react with Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and they form Carbonic acid. That weak acid makes rain slightly acidic.

So how does acid rain form? If sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are present in the atmosphere, they react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form sulfuric and nitric acids.

These acids then mix with water and other materials and falling to the ground with rain. The sulfuric and nitric acids don’t reach to the ground only with rain but also snow, fog, hail or even with dusts.

What are the source of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides? Burning fossil fuels to generate electricity and exhaust gas of our cars are responsible for the major source of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. Minor part comes from volcanoes activities.

An acid rain pH is about 4. That means acids rains are 10 to 31 times more acidic than normal rain. Although pH 4 is not considered as strong acid level, it’s strong enough to damage structures made of steel and stone on prolonged exposure.

Mostly pH balance is very narrow for living things. For example pH level of human blood between 7.35 and 7.45. If blood pH drops below 7.0 or increases above 7.8, it can be fatal. So just 0.35 changes of pH can kill us. Therefore acid rains can kill living things in aquatic environments and plants.

It also removes minerals and nutrients from the soil and release aluminum, bound to soil particles and rock, in its toxic dissolved form, makes the soil barren or unproductive.

Walking in acid rain isn’t more dangerous than walking in normal rain for humans. However if acid rains occur, that means there are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, they react in the atmosphere to form fine sulfate and nitrate particles that people can inhale into their lungs and may cause heart and lung diseases.

Everything in an ecosystem is connected. If something harms one part of an ecosystem, it can have an impact on everything else. Protect the planet, protect the future.

#acid #rain #pH

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