How do we know what to learn? by Dr. Kazuhisa Shibata (Team Leader, Riken CBS)

【Title】How do we know what to learn? – Resolving the plasticity-stability dilemma in visual
perceptual learning

【Speaker】Kazuhisa Shibata, Team Leader,
Kazuhisa Shibata
Lab for Human Cognition and Learning
Center for Brain Science, RIKEN
Lab sites: https://cbs.riken.jp/en/faculty/k.shibata/

【Abstract】
In this talk, I will review psychophysical and neuroimaging studies that addressed an
essential question in learning: how do we know what to learn? This question is
important because the brain must learn new information processing to adapt to a
current environment while protect existing information processing from being replaced
with unimportant ones. The brain must have the mechanisms to resolve this so-called
plasticity-stability dilemma. As an example, I will focus on visual perceptual learning
(VPL), defined as the enhancement of sensitivity to a visual feature as a result of
experience on the feature. First, I will describe the complementary roles of attention and
reward in VPL of a visual feature depending on whether the feature is relevant to a
given task. Second, I will discuss the roles of the passage of time and the amount of
training in VPL of a visual feature when another feature is trained after training on the
feature. The results of the studies suggest that what to learn in VPL is determined by
multiple brain mechanisms, including attention, reinforcement signals evoked by reward,
and stabilization based on an excitatory to inhibitory balance in the visual cortex. These
findings may help us clarify how the brain resolves the plasticity-stability dilemma in
other learning types, such as memory and motor learning.

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Видео How do we know what to learn? by Dr. Kazuhisa Shibata (Team Leader, Riken CBS) канала Consciousness Club Tokyo