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The only baby in the chimp’s group discovers a playmate in a large mirror set up in the Gabon jungle

Description: English / Français / Português
In Gabon (Equatorial Africa), 10 km from the beaches of the Atlantic Ocean and 20 km south of the Equator line, daily rains, storms and tornadoes stop completely during the dry season from late May to mid-September. This late afternoon of July, a group of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), composed of about twenty individuals, arrive at one of the 6 large mirrors (2500x1220 m/m) placed in their forest by Xavier and Anne-Marie HUBERT-BRIERRE and their friend Michel GUISS DJOMOU for nearly 10 years. These chimpanzees all chew an "Ozouga", (Sacoglottis gabonensis). A green, smooth, half-round fruit (drupe) with a diameter of 4 centimetres containing 1 to 3 seeds whose sweet taste is also a favourite among elephants, primates as mandrills. Gorillas and chimpanzees with more fragile teeth chew only the outer pulp of these fruits.
The chimpanzee groups in the region know these mirrors. They stay in front of it from time to time for their learning in the mirror, because in chimpanzees, just like in humans, self-recognition in a mirror is not innate. This mirror training is much easier for the very young human child because his parents have already done it and with speech can quietly explain to him that his reflection is not a playmate copying all his movements but himself.
This very young chimpanzee, alone in the group, is happy to discover in the mirror a playmate. Bold, under the admiring gaze of the other chimpanzees, he does not hesitate to come and touch him, but his fingers hit the surface of the mirror.
While all chimpanzees recognize each of their neighbours in the mirror, they also see a stranger they have never seen, their own image. Some of them scratch their hair repeatedly, which is a sign that they are more frustrated and uncomfortable than others with their reflection.
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Au Gabon (Afrique Equatoriale), à 10 km des plages de l’Océan Atlantique et à 20 km au sud de la ligne de l’Equateur, les pluies, orages et tornades quotidiens s’arrêtent totalement pendant la saison sèche de fin mai à mi-septembre. Cette fin d’après-midi de juillet, un groupe de chimpanzés (Pan troglodytes), composé d’une vingtaine d’individus arrive à un des 6 grands miroirs (2500x1220 m/m) placés dans leur forêt par Xavier et Anne-Marie HUBERT-BRIERRE et leur ami Michel GUISS DJOMOU depuis près de 10 ans. Ces chimpanzés mâchonnent tous un « Ozouga », (Sacoglottis gabonensis). Un fruit (drupe) vert, lisse, mi-rond, mi-ellipsoïdal de 4 centimètres de diamètre, à noyau central contenant 1 à 3 graines dont le goût sucré est aussi très apprécié par les éléphants et des primates comme les mandrills. Les gorilles et les chimpanzés en raison de leur dentition moins solide, doivent se contenter d’en mâchonner la pulpe.
Les groupes de chimpanzés de la région connaissent ces miroirs. Ils y restent en face de temps à temps pour leur apprentissage au miroir, car chez les chimpanzés, tout comme chez les humains, la reconnaissance de soi dans un miroir n’est pas innée. Cet entrainement au miroir est beaucoup plus aisé chez le tout jeune enfant humain car ses parents l’ont déjà fait et avec la parole peuvent lui expliquer tranquillement que son reflet n’est pas un camarade de jeu copiant tous ses mouvements mais lui-même.
Ce tout jeune chimpanzé, seul dans le groupe est heureux de découvrir dans le miroir un futur camarade de jeu. Téméraire, sous le regard admiratif des autres chimpanzés il n’hésite pas à venir toucher mais ses doigts heurtent la surface du miroir.
Si tous les chimpanzés reconnaissent bien dans le miroir chacun de leurs voisins, ils constatent également la présence d’un étranger qu’ils n’ont jamais vu, leur propre image. Certains d’entre eux grattent leurs poils de façon répétée c’est le signe qu’ils sont plus frustrés et mal à l’aise que d’autres face à leur reflet.
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No Gabão (África Equatorial), a 10 km das praias do Oceano Atlântico e a 20 km a sul da linha do Equador, um grupo de chimpanzés (Pan troglodytes), composto por cerca de vinte indivíduos, chega a um grande espelho colocado na sua floresta por Xavier e Anne-Marie HUBERT-BRIERRE e o seu amigo Michel GUISS DJOMOU durante quase 10 anos. Todos estes chimpanzés mastigam a polpa de um "Ozouga" (Sacoglottis gabonensis). Os grupos de chimpanzés na região conhecem esses espelhos. Eles ficam de vez em quando diante dele para aprender no espelho, porque nos chimpanzés, assim como nos humanos, o auto-reconhecimento no espelho não é inato. Este treino de espelho é muito mais fácil para a criança humana muito nova porque os seus pais já o fizeram e com a fala pode explicar-lhe calmamente que a sua reflexão não é um companheiro de brincadeira a copiar todos os seus movimentos mas sim a si próprio.
Este chimpanzé muito jovem, sozinho no grupo, está feliz por descobrir no espelho um companheiro de brincadeira. Téméraire, sob o olhar admirado dos outros chimpanzés, não hesita em vir tocá-lo, mas seus dedos batem na superfície do espelho.

Видео The only baby in the chimp’s group discovers a playmate in a large mirror set up in the Gabon jungle канала Xavier HUBERT-BRIERRE
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10 августа 2019 г. 15:54:41
00:06:14
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