Hydroxychloroquine for Covid-19: A viable cure?
In recent months, the relationship between the medication Hydroxychloroquine and the treatment or prevention of Covid-19 has generated a lot of buzz. This video highlights recent research evidence regarding the use of Hydroxychloroquine for Covid-19. We also discuss the traditional uses of Hydroxychloroquine, and the potential side-effects that have been associated with this medication. This video was created for educational and entertainment purposes only, and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you have questions about any medical condition or treatment, always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider.
This video was made by McMaster Demystifying Medicine students Susanna MacLeod, Guneet Mahal, and Gursharan Mann in collaboration with the McMaster Demystifying Medicine Program.
Copyright McMaster University 2020
References:
Angelakis, E., et. al.
(2014). Abnormal weight gain and gut microbiota modifications are side effects of long-term
doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine treatment. Antimicrobial agents and
chemotherapy, 58(6), 3342-3347
Boulware, D. R., et. al. (2020). A randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure
prophylaxis for Covid-19. New England Journal of Medicine.
Celı̇k, I., Onay-Besı̇kcı̇, A., & Ayhan-Kilcigı̇l, G. (2020). Approach to the mechanism of
action of hydroxychloroquine on SARS-CoV-2: a molecular docking study. Journal of
Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1-7.
Chatre, C., Roubille, F., Vernhet, H., Jorgensen, C., & Pers, Y. M. (2018). Cardiac complications
attributed to chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review of the literature. Drug
safety, 41(10), 919-931.
ClinicalTrials.gov. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). Search
of: Hydroxychloroquine: Covid19 - List Results. (2020 October 24). Retrieved
Cohen, M. S. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention of Covid-19—Searching
for Evidence.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Revokes Emergency Use Authorization for Chloroquine
and Hydroxychloroquine.
Fantini, J., Di Scala, C., Chahinian, H., & Yahi, N. (2020). Structural and molecular
modeling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
against SARS-CoV-2 infection. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 105960.
Gao, J., Tian, Z., & Yang, X. (2020). Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown
apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies.
Bioscience Trends, 14(1), 72–73. https:// doi.org/10.5582/bst.2020.01047
Gevers, S., Kwa, M. S. G., Wijnans, E., & van Nieuwkoop, C. (2020). Safety considerations for
chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical Microbiology
and Infection, 26(9), 1276-1277.
Hernandez, A. V., Roman, Y. M., Pasupuleti, V., Barboza, J. J., & White, C. M.
(2020). Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine for treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19: a
living systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine.
Liu, J., Cao, R., Xu, M., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Hu, H., Li, Y., Hu, Z., Zhong, W., Wang,
M. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in
inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Infection in vitro. Cell Discovery, 6(1), 1–4.
Martins, A. C., Cayotopa, A. D. E., Klein, W. W., Schlosser, A. R., Silva, A. F. D., Souza, M. N.
D., ... & da Silva-Nunes, M. (2015). Side effects of chloroquine and primaquine and symptom
reduction in malaria endemic area (Mâncio Lima, Acre, Brazil). Interdisciplinary perspectives
on infectious diseases, 2015.
Naghipour, S., Ghodousi, M., Rahsepar, S., & Elyasi, S. (2020). Repurposing of well-
known medications as antivirals: hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine–from HIV-1 infection
to COVID-19. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 1-15.
Ochsendorf, F. R., & Runne, U. (1991). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: side effect profile
of important therapeutic drugs. Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie,
und verwandte Gebiete, 42(3), 140-146.
Sharma, A. N., Mesinkovska, N. A., & Paravar, T. (2020). Characterizing the adverse
dermatologic effects of hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review. Journal of the American
Academy of Dermatology.
Srinivasa, A., tosounidou, S., & gordon, C. (2017). Increased incidence of gastrointestinal side
effects in patients taking hydroxychloroquine: a brand-related issue?. The Journal of
rheumatology, 44(3), 398-398.
Wallace, D. (1996). The history of antimalarials. Lupus, 5, 2-3.
doi:10.1177/0961203396005001021
Yusuf, I. H., Sharma, S., Luqmani, R., & Downes, S. M. (2017). Hydroxychloroquine
retinopathy. Eye, 31(6), 828-845.
Zhou, D., Dai, S.-M., & Tong, Q. (2020). COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect
of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. Journal of Antimicrobial
Chemotherapy, 75(7), 1667–1670
Видео Hydroxychloroquine for Covid-19: A viable cure? канала Demystifying Medicine McMaster
This video was made by McMaster Demystifying Medicine students Susanna MacLeod, Guneet Mahal, and Gursharan Mann in collaboration with the McMaster Demystifying Medicine Program.
Copyright McMaster University 2020
References:
Angelakis, E., et. al.
(2014). Abnormal weight gain and gut microbiota modifications are side effects of long-term
doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine treatment. Antimicrobial agents and
chemotherapy, 58(6), 3342-3347
Boulware, D. R., et. al. (2020). A randomized trial of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure
prophylaxis for Covid-19. New England Journal of Medicine.
Celı̇k, I., Onay-Besı̇kcı̇, A., & Ayhan-Kilcigı̇l, G. (2020). Approach to the mechanism of
action of hydroxychloroquine on SARS-CoV-2: a molecular docking study. Journal of
Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 1-7.
Chatre, C., Roubille, F., Vernhet, H., Jorgensen, C., & Pers, Y. M. (2018). Cardiac complications
attributed to chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review of the literature. Drug
safety, 41(10), 919-931.
ClinicalTrials.gov. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). Search
of: Hydroxychloroquine: Covid19 - List Results. (2020 October 24). Retrieved
Cohen, M. S. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention of Covid-19—Searching
for Evidence.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Revokes Emergency Use Authorization for Chloroquine
and Hydroxychloroquine.
Fantini, J., Di Scala, C., Chahinian, H., & Yahi, N. (2020). Structural and molecular
modeling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
against SARS-CoV-2 infection. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 105960.
Gao, J., Tian, Z., & Yang, X. (2020). Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown
apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies.
Bioscience Trends, 14(1), 72–73. https:// doi.org/10.5582/bst.2020.01047
Gevers, S., Kwa, M. S. G., Wijnans, E., & van Nieuwkoop, C. (2020). Safety considerations for
chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical Microbiology
and Infection, 26(9), 1276-1277.
Hernandez, A. V., Roman, Y. M., Pasupuleti, V., Barboza, J. J., & White, C. M.
(2020). Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine for treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19: a
living systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine.
Liu, J., Cao, R., Xu, M., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Hu, H., Li, Y., Hu, Z., Zhong, W., Wang,
M. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in
inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Infection in vitro. Cell Discovery, 6(1), 1–4.
Martins, A. C., Cayotopa, A. D. E., Klein, W. W., Schlosser, A. R., Silva, A. F. D., Souza, M. N.
D., ... & da Silva-Nunes, M. (2015). Side effects of chloroquine and primaquine and symptom
reduction in malaria endemic area (Mâncio Lima, Acre, Brazil). Interdisciplinary perspectives
on infectious diseases, 2015.
Naghipour, S., Ghodousi, M., Rahsepar, S., & Elyasi, S. (2020). Repurposing of well-
known medications as antivirals: hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine–from HIV-1 infection
to COVID-19. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 1-15.
Ochsendorf, F. R., & Runne, U. (1991). Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: side effect profile
of important therapeutic drugs. Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie,
und verwandte Gebiete, 42(3), 140-146.
Sharma, A. N., Mesinkovska, N. A., & Paravar, T. (2020). Characterizing the adverse
dermatologic effects of hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review. Journal of the American
Academy of Dermatology.
Srinivasa, A., tosounidou, S., & gordon, C. (2017). Increased incidence of gastrointestinal side
effects in patients taking hydroxychloroquine: a brand-related issue?. The Journal of
rheumatology, 44(3), 398-398.
Wallace, D. (1996). The history of antimalarials. Lupus, 5, 2-3.
doi:10.1177/0961203396005001021
Yusuf, I. H., Sharma, S., Luqmani, R., & Downes, S. M. (2017). Hydroxychloroquine
retinopathy. Eye, 31(6), 828-845.
Zhou, D., Dai, S.-M., & Tong, Q. (2020). COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect
of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. Journal of Antimicrobial
Chemotherapy, 75(7), 1667–1670
Видео Hydroxychloroquine for Covid-19: A viable cure? канала Demystifying Medicine McMaster
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