IL - 76 - Worlds 6th Largest Cargo Aircraft

IL - 76 - Worlds 6th Largest Cargo Aircraft

The Ilyushin II-76 Candid is a landmark Soviet-era design. Russia's first four-jet heavy transport, it was conceived and used to fly strategic military cargos into front-line air bases in the most extreme operational conditions.
The II-76 prototype made its first flight in 1971. It was intended as a replacement for the An-12. Production commenced in 1974. The basic II-76 (NATO reporting name Candid-A) transport was built purely for military service. It saw extensive service during the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Over 800 of these cargo aircraft were built, as well as a number of specialized versions.
This aircraft was designed to deliver heavy vehicles and machinery to remote, poorly-serviced airfields. It can operate from short and unpaved runways. The Il-76 can cope with the worst weather conditions experienced in Siberia and Arctic regions.

▶ IL-76 transport aircraft variants
There are several design variations, including the basic IL-76, IL-76M, IL-76MD and the IL-76-MF. In terms of design, aerodynamic configuration and flight performance characteristics, the IL-76M version virtually resembles the IL-76 basic aircraft, but has a maximum payload of 47t, compared to 28t for the IL-76.
Indian Air Force (IAF) ordered three Il-76MD aircraft fitted with the the Phalcon AEW (airborne early warning) system produced by Elta of Israel. The first aircraft was delivered in May 2009, with the second delivered in March 2010. The third aircraft was delivered in mid-2011. In August 2005, Jordan ordered two IL-76MF variants and in September 2005, China placed an order for up to 38 IL-76 transport aircraft.

▶ Design features of the IL-76 (Nato 'Candid')
The aircraft is of a conventional aerodynamic configuration with a high-set, swept-wing and T-shaped tail unit. The crew cabin, cargo hold and rear compartment are pressurised. The beam-type fuselage has an oval section over the crew cabin and circular section over the cargo hold. The wing leading and trailing edges are fitted with high-lift devices, comprising deflectable five-section leading-edge slats, triple-slotted trailing-edge extension flaps, ailerons, spoilers and air brakes.

▶ Cargo handling and weapon systems
The air-drop and cargo handling equipment is intended to load, unload and air drop paratroopers and cargo, make the optimum arrangement of the cargo according to the logistical demands of the mission and securely tie down the cargo.
The equipment comprises a telpher (an overhead cargo system where the cargo can be suspended from an electrically powered rail), a roller conveyer, mooring / rigging, auxiliary parachute and ambulance equipment.

▶ Avionics and engines of the IL-76 medium-range transport aircraft
Onboard equipment is intended to execute airlifts and air drop missions by day and at night, in VFR and IFR (visual flight rules and instrument flight rules) weather conditions, as well as under hostile air defence conditions.
The integrated flight control and aiming-navigation system includes a compass system, ground surveillance radar, a central digital computer, automatic monitoring system, automatic flight control system, short-range radio navigation and landing system, IFF transponder, optical / infrared aiming sight and a ground collision warning system.
The IL-76M aircraft is powered by four D-30KP turbofan engines, mounted on underwing pylons and housed in individual pods secured on the engines.
Fuel is held in 12 integral tanks, which are isolated from each other. All fuel tanks are divided into four groups by the number of the engines. An inert gas system is used for protection against explosion.

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