Lecture on Pharmacology Masterclass: Skin Disorder Treatments & Autonomic Nervous System I MBBS

This comprehensive pharmacology lecture for MBBS students delves into two key areas: the pharmacological treatment of various skin disorders and an experimental demonstration of acetylcholine's effects on the autonomic nervous system.

Part 1: Pharmacology of Skin Disorders (Dermatological Drugs)

Soothing & Protective Agents:
Demulcents: Understand how substances like Glycerin soothe inflamed skin by preventing air contact.
Emollients: Learn about moisturizers like Olive oil that soften inflamed skin (not mucous membranes).
Protectives: Discover agents like Calamine that adhere to the skin, preventing irritation from solids, useful for insect bites and contact dermatitis.
Astringents: Explore how substances such as Potash alum (Fitkari) precipitate proteins to form a protective layer, used for insect bites and as aftershaves.
Irritants, Counter-irritants & Tissue Modifiers:
Counter-irritants: Learn the mechanism of action for pain relief balms, where agents like Clove oil, turpentine oil, eucalyptus oil, and menthol stimulate sensory receptors to mask pain.
Caustics & Escharotics: Understand how tissue-destructive agents like Silver nitrate and phenol are used to remove growths like viral warts.
Keratolytics: Discover how Salicylic acid and urea dissolve the horny layer of the skin, treating conditions like cracked heels.
Targeted Treatments:
Antiseborrheics: Learn about drugs for dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis) caused by Malassezia furfur, including Zinc pyrithione (Head & Shoulders), selenium sulfide, and ketoconazole.
Melanizing Agents: Understand how psoralens (e.g., methoxsalen) treat vitiligo by increasing skin sensitivity to UV light to stimulate melanin.
Drugs for Psoriasis: Explore treatments for this autoimmune disorder, including topical corticosteroids, Calcipotriol (Vitamin D analog), retinoids (acitretin), and PUVA therapy.
PUVA Therapy (Psoralen + UVA): Its dual role in treating vitiligo (pigmentation) and psoriasis (reducing cell proliferation).
Demelanizing Agents: Learn how Hydroquinone reduces skin pigmentation for dark spots by inhibiting melanin production.
Drugs for Acne Vulgaris:
Pathophysiology: Understand the roles of sebum, blocked glands, and Propionibacterium acnes.
Topical Treatments: Benzoyl peroxide, Retinoids (Tretinoin, Adapalene), Clindamycin.
Systemic Treatments: Tetracyclines (doxycycline, minocycline), Isotretinoin (for severe cases, highly teratogenic).
Part 2: Autonomic Nervous System - Acetylcholine Experiment on a Dog

Standard Effects of Acetylcholine: Observe how acetylcholine typically decreases blood pressure (via M3 receptors) and heart rate (via M2 receptors).
Unmasking Nicotinic Effects with Atropine:
Atropine (muscarinic blocker) blocks M2 and M3 receptor effects.
When a high dose of acetylcholine is administered after atropine, blood pressure and heart rate increase.
Explanation: This "nicotinic action" of acetylcholine is due to stimulation of nicotinic receptors in sympathetic ganglia, leading to adrenaline release.
This experiment isolates and demonstrates the nicotinic effects, usually masked by stronger muscarinic actions at lower doses.
SANTINIKETAN MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL
Real Classroom Demonstration/Lecture
On: PHARMACOLOGY by Dr. Sugoto Datta
(MBBS Batch: 2023-24)
Conducted on: 02-06-25

Видео Lecture on Pharmacology Masterclass: Skin Disorder Treatments & Autonomic Nervous System I MBBS канала Santiniketan Medical College