Great Saphenous Vein & Small Saphenous Vein - Venous drainage of lower limb

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The great saphenous vein lies in the superficial fascia and is easily seen (actually the word saphenous comes from greek and means easily seen).
It is formed on the dorsum of foot by the union of the medial end of the dorsal venous arch of the foot and medial marginal vein of the foot. The vein runs upward about 2.5 cm in front of the medial malleolus, crosses obliquely the medial surface of the lower third of tibia, and then ascends a little behind the medial border of tibia to reach the knee, where it lies on the posteromedial aspect of the knee joint. From here it runs upward along the medial side of the thigh to reach the saphenous opening (fossa
ovalis). It passes through the saphenous opening and drains into the femoral vein.
THE SMALL SAPHENOUS VEIN
It is formed below and behind the lateral malleolus by the union of the lateral end of the dorsal venous arch, and the lateral marginal vein of foot.
It runs upward behind the lateral malleolus. Thereafter it runs in the middle of the back of
the leg, pierces the deep fascia, and undergoes a subfascial course between the two heads of the gastrocnemius until it reaches the middle of the popliteal fossa. Here it turns inward to terminate into the popliteal vein.

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