SUBMARINE DIESEL ENGINES WWII U.S. NAVY TRAINING FILM FAIRBANKS MORSE 17984

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This black & white U.S. Navy educational/training film was created under the direction of the Engineering Department of the Submarine School at New London, Connecticut during WWII. The film is about different types of diesel engines, especially the ones found in the new fleet submarines, which were built by Fairbanks Morse.

Opening titles: (no title) card noting that film was made under the Technical direction of the Engineering Department Submarine School, U.S. Sub Base in New London, CT
(:06-:12). Diesel engine backstory. The fire piston was made in Southeastern Asia. The tube/stick is shown, a tinder was put at the end of the stick. How this process works is shown live and in a diagram. Another example is shown with thermometers, a gauge and compressed air, this process is called compression ignition (:13-2:59). A piece of rubber is stretched over a container and then placed on a flame. The animation shows compression ignition and expansion. The piston is shown, adding a connection rod to make a crankshaft, then housing and a base is added. The engine is then shown working. This is shown and explained in animation. A diesel engine is shown working in animation. Intake, compression, power, exhaust is explained. The piston is shown moving (3:00-5:53). Title: Two Stroke Cycle engine. This type of engine is shown in animation and explained. The piston moves and the engine is working. Large diesel engine, two stroke type is shown (5:54-8:11). Another type of two stroke cycle diesel engine is shown in animation and explained. Piston is shown working and driving the air pump (8:12-10:00). Title: Double Acting Engine. This type of engine is in the new submarines. The piston rod, crosshead, connecting rod and stuffing box are shown and explained. How this type of engine works is explained and shown in animation (10:01-12:42). Title: Opposed-Piston Engine. This is shown, its quite large and used in the submarines. Two pistons in each cylinder - exhaust ports, scavenge ports are shown. How this type of engine works is shown and explain via animation (12:43-15:11). Title: Scavenging Systems. Multiple lobe displacement blower is shown and then how it works is shown and explained via animation and with the actual machine. Two stroke cycle engine. A uni-flow system is shown animated and explained. Types of scavenging systems are: Loop, Uni-flow, and Direct (15:12-17:05). Title: Supercharging. Animation shows fuel in the engine. Supercharging is explained and shown with the animated engine. Two stroke cycle is shown supercharging as well. Opposed piston engine is shown supercharging in animation (17:06-20:48). Title: Fuel Injection Systems. Air injection system is shown. A man stands near an engine. First stage compression, second and third stage are shown as well. The fuel pump is shown and explained as well (20:49-23:59). Oil and spray air. Oil enters the chamber, valve stem is lifted, fuel is blown into the cylinder as a spray (24:00-24:48). Most diesel engines in the submarine have an individual fuel pump. Bosch fuel pump is explained and shown. Winton unit injector is an injection unit, this is shown and explained via animation. Close on the fuel through the spray hose (24:49-27:40). End credits (27:21-27:48).

In 1939 Fairbanks-Morse developed a marine diesel engine using an unusual opposed piston design, similar in arrangement to a series of German Junkers aircraft diesels. The most common variant for submarines through the 1990s was the 38D 8-1/8 engine, ranging from 4 to 12 cylinders. This engine was delivered to the U.S. Navy in large numbers, often for use in fleet submarines, which used 9- or 10-cylinder versions as main engines in World War II. When the innovative but faulty "pancake" engines of the Tang class boats proved unworkable, they were replaced with World War II-style Fairbanks-Morse engines, and these remained standard on US diesel-powered submarines through the early 1960s.

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