Essential Linux Commands for Beginners: Master the Basics in Minutes

Linux Basic commands :

1. cat(Concatenate) command is used to create a file and display and modify the contents of a file

To create a new file in linux
To display the content in linux
To append the data in the already existing file in linux
Create a file using vi EDITOR in linux
how to close VIM editir without saving data in linux
To create multiple files at same time using touch command in linux
Creating Directory in linux
open the existing directory in linux
Copying files into directory in linux
Copying directories from one location to other in linux
Moving files from one location to other (Cut and Paste) in linux
Moving a Directory from one location to other in linux
Renaming a File in linux
Renaming a Directory in linux
Removing a File in linux
Removing an Empty directory in linux
Removing a directory with files or directories inside in linux

Create a file using vi EDITOR:
3. vi filename( to add/modify/delete the data in the file)
press i
insert/add the data
press ESC
type :wq and click enter

How to close VIM editir without saving data?

3.1. vi filename
press i
insert/add the data
press ESC
type :q! and click enter

To create multiple files at same time using touch command:
4. touch filename1 filename2 filename3 ( to create multiple files at a time)

#touch sun mon tue

Creating Directory
5. mkdir directoryname ( to create a directory )
#mkdir sita

open the existing directory
6. cd directoryname
#cd sita

Copying files into directory
7. cp source filename destination directory (in which to paste the file)
#cp file1 ktdir

Copying directories from one location to other
8. cp –rvfp dir name destination name
#cp –rvfp ktdir2 ktdir

Moving files from one location to other (Cut and Paste)
9. mv filename Destination directory
#mv file2 ktdir

Moving a Directory from one location to other
10. mv dir name destination dir name
#mv ktdir ktdir2

Renaming a File
11. mv old name new name
#mv ktfile kernelfile

Renaming a Directory
12. mv old name new name
#mv ktdir kerneldir

Removing a File
13. rm filename or #rm –f filename (without prompting)
#rm kenrneldir

Removing an Empty directory
14. rmdir dirname
#rmdir kerneldir

Removing a directory with files or directories inside
15. A dir which is having some contents inside it cannot be removed by rmdir command.
There are two ways to delete the directory with contents.

1. Remove the contents inside the directory and then run rmdir command
2. Run #rm –rf dirname (where 'r' stands for recursive and 'f' stands for forcefully)
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