We should ALL have Cancer Cells in us. Here is Why.

An average (male) human body contains 40 trillion cells some of which are cancer-like cells. In fact we should all have cancer cells but how can our bodies prevent having cancer?

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00:00-0:59 Introduction
0:59-4:14 How Mutations form
4:14-5:28 DNA repair prevents Mutations
5:28-6:43 Cells die on purpose
6:43-9:23 How Immune cells hunt down Cancer

We use the term cancer in our daily lives to describe the abnormal growth of cancer cells in the. Cancer describes over 200 different diseases and often contains very different cancer cells. A cancer cell develops through mutations. Mutations are changes in the DNA. Many mutations which lead to a cancer cell arise during cell division or through the exposure to certain chemicals (so-called mutagens). Mutagens can be found in sunlight, overcooked steaks or in our DNA (transposons). Mutations occur all the time, but fortunately DNA repair systems, apoptosis and our immune systems prevent us from forming a cancer cell..
DNA repair mechanisms can correct the majority of mutations which would otherwise lead to cancer cells. DNA repair mechanisms include base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair or homologous recombination. If DNA repair mechanisms do not work properly cells often go into programmed cell death (apoptosis). A very important protein during apoptosis is p53. If mutations in p53 occur DNA repair does not work contributing towards the formation of cancer cells. Lastly, immune cells (T cells and Natural killer cells in particular) can recognise cancer cells which show unusual proteins on their surface. In these cases, the cancer cell is often killed by the immune cell. If these mechanisms do not work properly cancer/tumors can arise.
#CancerCell, #Cancerbiology

Cancer Cell, Cancer cell, Cancer Cell, Cancer Cell, Cancer Cell

Images:
Most pictures were derived from Servier Medical Art by Servier. You can find over 3000 free medical images here: https://smart.servier.com/
Beach, DNA: Author: Twitter, Twitter’s open source emoji, Emoji Twemoji 12.1.6
DNA Background: "Digital illustration DNA structure in colour background" Author: Creations
Elephant: "An elephant in Kruger National Park" Author: Dario Crespi
Licenses: https://creativecommons.org/
Adapted T cell: "Scanning electron micrograph of a human T lymphocyte (also called a T cell) from the immune system of a healthy donor" Author: NIAID
Adapted NK cells: "Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a natural killer cell from a human donor" Author: NIAID
Cancer Background: "Giant cell tumour of bone - very high mag", Author: Nephron
Licenses: https://creativecommons.org/

Music:
Intro:
Light Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: http://incompetech.com/
Body:
Title: Fate and Fortune
Artist: Scott Buckley https://soundcloud.com/scottbuckley

About Clemens Steinek:
CLEMENS STEINEK is a postgraduate student/youtuber (LifeLabLearner) who is currently conducting stem cell research in Germany.

Видео We should ALL have Cancer Cells in us. Here is Why. канала Sciencerely