Galvanometer | Detect Current in an Electric Circuit

Galvanometer | Detect Current in an Electric Circuit

A galvanometer is an instrument used to detect and measure small electric currents. It is very sensitive and can show even tiny amounts of current flowing in a circuit.

🔧 Basic Principle

It works on the principle that a current-carrying coil placed in a magnetic field experiences a torque (turning force). This causes a needle or pointer attached to the coil to move, indicating the presence and direction of current.

🧭 Main Parts of a Galvanometer
• Coil: A wire wound into loops, where the current flows.
• Magnet: Provides a magnetic field.
• Pointer/Needle: Shows the deflection on a scale.
• Spring: Provides a restoring torque to bring the pointer back to zero when there's no current.

📏 Uses of Galvanometer

1. Detecting current in circuits (especially in physics labs).
2. Measuring small currents.
3. Can be converted into:
• Ammeter: Measures larger currents (by connecting a shunt resistor).
• Voltmeter: Measures voltage (by connecting a high resistance in series).

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