Who was the man who refused to salute?

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If you frequent the internet and especially websites such as Facebook, Twitter or Reddit, you have undoubtedly seen the following picture. Initially, there’s nothing too special about it except that it shows what appears to be a crowd of fanatical Nazis giving the Hitler salute. And it wasn’t until the photograph was published in the German newspaper Die Zeit in 1991 that the photograph was recognised for its peculiarity. Because if you look closer, you’ll see that one man in the entire crowd does not raise his right arm. And that isn’t because he is late in raising it or the photograph is simply taken at an unfortunate moment. No, this man deliberately and demonstratively crosses his arms and refuses to bring the Nazi salute. So, what’s the story behind this photo and, more importantly, what’s the story behind this man that defiantly stood up against one of the most illustrative examples of a totalitarian regime.

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Chapters:
0:00 Introduction
1:41 August Landmesser
5:19 Gustav Wegert

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Her father, August Landmesser, worked at the shipyard Blohm and Voss and became a member of Hitler’s political party, the National-socialist German worker’s party in 1931. According to his family, he became a member in the hopes that it would be easier for him to find work, because after all, Germany suffered immensely under the effects of the Great Depression. The fact Hitler’s party basically campaigned on an overt antisemitic message didn’t bother him. That was, until 1934 when he met Irma Eckler, a Jewish woman. August fell head over heels in love with Irma and the couple started dating. It led to him being kicked out of his party once his fellow party members discovered his girlfriend was Jewish.

His expulsion from the party didn’t result in the end of the relationship; neither did the creation of the so-called Nuremberg laws of 1935. These laws forbade extramarital intercourse between Jews and Germans and rendered all Jewish civilians subjects without any citizenship rights. For August and Irma, this meant they could not marry. That same year the couple had their first daughter, Ingrid. Due to the Nuremberg laws, their daughter wasn’t recognised as a German citizen, and formally she was considered to be born out of wedlock. Undoubtedly this increasingly hostile environment and tightening of the grip of the odious Nazi apparatus fed August’s disappointment and frustration with Hitler’s regime.

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Sources:

http://wegert-familie.de/home/English.html
https://www.sarajevotimes.com/man-defied-hitler-died-yugoslavia/

Photos, paintings and imagery: Public Domain, Wikicommons

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