Muscles of the Arm - Origin, Insertion, Innervation | Anatomy Tutorial

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The coracobrachialis originates from the tip of coracoid process of scapula and its insertion is into the middle of the medial border of the shaft of humerus.
The brachialis muscle originates from the front of the lower half of the shaft of humerus and is inserted into the coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna.
The biceps brachii muscle arises from scapula by two heads;
The short head arises along with coracobrachialis from the tip of the coracoid process.
The long head arises from the supraglenoid tubercle of scapula within the capsule of shoulder jont and emerges from the joint though the intertubercular sulcus.
The two heads join together in the distal part of the arm to form a belly that ends in a strong tendon which inserts into the radial tuberosity. From the tendon of biceps brachii runs medially and inferiorly a strong aponeurosis called bicipital aponeurosis.
This aponeurosis reinforces the cubital fossa, helping to protect the brachial artery and the median nerve running underneath.
All the three muscle located in the anterior compartment of the arm are innervated by the muculocutaneuous nerve which at first pierces the coracobrachialis and then runs inferiorly and laterally between biceps brachii and brachialis to leave the anterior compartment of the arm at the level of cubital fossa as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm.

The spiral groove or the radial groove is a shallow depression that runs disgonally down the posterior surface of humerus. It contains the radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery.
The triceps brachii has three heads.
Origin of lateral head is from the posterior suface of humerus above the radial groove.
Origin of medial head is from the posterior surface of humerus bellow the radial groove.
The long head of triceps originates from the infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
All the three heads are inserted by a common tendon into the olecranon process of ulna.
A small muscle which is sometimes regarded as being a part of the posterior compartment of the arm is the anconeus muscle.
This muscle originates from the lateral epicondyle of humerus and is inserted into the lateral surface of the olecranon process and the superior proximal part of the posterior ulna.
The triceps brachii and the anconeus muscle are innervated by the branches of radial nerve as is passes though the spiral groove.

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