How political parties started in Eritrea

Eritrea is one of the few African countries that at some point was under the rule of another African country, in this case, Ethiopia. It had to fight a long war spanning three decades before it achieved independence. The armed groups that fought in the independence war, went on to form the basis of the political party that now controls the government of the nation. The People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) is the founding and ruling political party of Eritrea. It is the successor of the nationalist and Marxist–Leninist Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), which was a militant group in the fight for Eritrea’s independence.
The EPLF in turn, was an offshoot of the Eritrean Liberation Movement (ELM). The Eritrean Liberation Movement (ELM) was established in 1958 as a militant opposition to attempts by Ethiopia to incorporate Eritrea as one of its provinces. The ELM was made up of mostly students, intellectuals and urban workers. It was under the leadership of Hamid Idris Awate. The ELM engaged in secret political activities to thwart the plans of Ethiopia, that were perceived to not be in the interest of Eritrea.

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