Amblyopia : Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment - Dr. Sriram Ramalingam

Amblyopia is also called as lazy eye. 2 out of 100 children are affected by this condition but is very rarely diagnosed. Many at times it is discovered or found out when the person goes for a interview or for a medical checkup where they discover that the person is not able to see with one eye. Amblyopia is caused by various reasons. There are various types depending upon the causes. if it is a refractive cause when the child has got very high power in one eye or it is because the e person has got squint in one eye, it can also causes Amblyopia. The other cause are like if the child is born with cataract, so these are the most common causes of Amblyopia. Amblyopia needs to be diagnosed before the child is 7 to 8 years of age, if this condition is diagnosed, that is if the child has got high refractive error, maybe a hypermetropia which is called as long sight or a myopia which is called as a short sight or a person has got astigmatism that is the person has got cylindrical power, this needs to be corrected as soon as the person is diagnosed to have this problem. Once it is diagnosed that the chid has got an Amblyopia then the chid requires a regular follow up and treatment, the common treatment for Amblyopia is occlusion treatment that is the closure of the normal eye and the person is allowed to see with the affected eye over the glasses or over the refractive correction. Depending upon the age of the child the occlusion varies. It may be 2 few hours in a day or it can be a full day. Depending upon the age of the child. This occlusion treatment has to be continued till the child achieves equal vision in both the eyes. The child has got a squint then the squint need to be corrected after the good improvement in thee vison has achieved. if the child has got a cataract, which is casing the Amblyopia, the cataract surgery neds to be done as early as possible so that the child starts seeing again and the occlusion treatment if required can be given. There are some other exercises available like the synatophore hardening abrasion exercises. Nowadays active vision therapies available in the computer, the child can do it at home or in the hospital environment the child is given various tasks with the normal eye being closed and the affected eye being use d for doing these activities, all these treatments are useful only if the child is less than 8 years of age once the child crosses 10 years of age, even then with these treatments, the child will not regain normal vison younger the age, faster is the recovery of vision. Older the child, it takes longer for the vision to recover. If the child is already 15 years if age whatever the treatment possible will not improve the vision in the affected eye, there are medicines available, which are not useful , in the form of oral treatment , which are not useful. As long as the children takes thee medicines the vision improves once they stop the vision comes back to the original is the most important thing one needs to remember about Amblyopia is the earlier the diagnosis all children irrespective of any refractive error should have a complete eye examination by an ophthalmologist including dilated refraction to rule out any refractive error an if any refractive error is present, this refractive error needs to be corrected as early as possible. If the child has got amblyopia, this needs to be corrected by an occlusal treatment, so the treatment of amblyopia is early diagnosis is the most key for the treatment of Amblyopia.

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