Lonquimay volcano, Chile Crater Navidad

On Christmas day 1988 a fissure next to the Lonquimay volcano erupted. "Navidad" is the Spanish word for Christmas, hence the name "Crater Navidad".
This volcano is situated about 600km south of the capital, Santiago.
This is what it looks like today. There were actually three fissures that erupted at the same time but only one formed a cinder cone. The eruption lasted for 13 months and created a new lava field of some 10km in length and about 60 in depth.
Along the flank of the lava flow several small areas were isolated where water collected forming permanent pools of water. The water in these pools are very clear with a green colour from dissolved minerals. All the trees growing in these areas died.
Climbing the crater is quite hard as the looses surface slides down when you step on it. It is also quite steep.
These photographs were taken in 2009 and 2018. In 2009 the crater still had many fumaroles where steam and sulpherous gasses rose from the walls. In 2018 there were far fewer but some were still present.

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