Boil furuncle definition causes clinical features treatment complications

BOIL it is also called as Furuncle.
It is an acute staphylococcal infection of a hair follicle with perifolliculitis which usually proceeds to suppuration and central necrosis.
Often boil opens on its own and subsides .
Fur-uncle in external auditary canal is very painful because of rich cutaneous nerves.
Here skin is adherent to perichondrium.
Boil often heals spontaneously; suppuration will not occur in such boil; it is often called as blind healed dull boil.
Boil is common over back, neck, thigh, and forearm even though it can occur anywhere.
Boil in eyelash follicle is called as stye.
Boil can occur in peri-anal region which can lead into abscess and fistula.
Boil can lead into hidradenitis, common in axilla and pubic region.
Boil can cause cellulitis of local area. Overlying skin undergoes necrosis.
But during healing reepithelialisation occurs.
Boil commonly subsides spontaneously often with the support of suitable antibiotics; occasionally it requires incision and drainage.
Regional enlarged tender lymph nodes may be palpable due to secondary infection.
Systemic features are not common unless it is multiple or recurrent or
severe .
Multiple or recurrent boils are common in diabetics and immuno-suppressed persons
Treatment :
Antibiotics given if boil is not resolving spontaneously
Rarely drainage of boil is needed in severe persistent form.

Complications :
Cellulitis.
Lymphadenitis
Hidradenitis
Boil in dangerous zone in the face, can cause cavernous sinus thrombosis.

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