Optical fibre communication system

Electrical signals are first converted into light for fast and reliable communication. The encoder formats the input data, and the driver powers a light source like a laser to generate light pulses.
These pulses travel through the optical fiber. The core carries the light, while the cladding keeps it confined using total internal reflection, allowing long-distance transmission with very low loss.
At the receiver, a photodiode converts light back into an electrical signal. The amplifier strengthens it, and the decoder recovers the original digital data.

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