Light emitting diode | LED | Working principle of LED

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https://youtu.be/XdUdDsqOdGQ

In this video, a brief introduction to the light-emitting diode is discussed. What is a light-emitting diode ( LED ), the working principle of light-emitting diode, materials used to manufacture light-emitting diode are studied.

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when a current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the bandgap of the semiconductor. White light is obtained by using multiple semiconductors or a layer of light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor device.

In a light-emitting diode, the recombination of electrons and electron holes in a semiconductor produces light (be it infrared, visible, or UV), a process called "electroluminescence". The wavelength of the light depends on the energy bandgap of the semiconductors used. Since these materials have a high index of refraction, design features of the devices such as special optical coatings and die shape is required to efficiently emit light.

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