The republic of Lakes: 7 Facts about Karelia

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1. The Republic of Karelia is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the northwest of Russia.

2. Eastern Karelia has been a part of Russia since 1323. Western Karelia was obtained by Peter I (the Great) from Sweden by treaty in 1721, and the area was administratively reunited with the grand duchy of Finland in the 19th century when Russia obtained suzerainty over all Finland. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the proclamation of Finnish independence, a 1920 peace treaty left eastern Karelia in Soviet hands and awarded western Karelia to Finland. Western Karelia was annexed by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics after the latter’s victory in the Russo-Finnish War (1939–40), however. After a 1947 peace treaty between the Soviets and Finland confirmed the annexation, almost the entire Finnish population of western Karelia moved into Finland.

3. As a part of the Fennoscandian Shield's ancient Karelian craton, most of the Republic of Karelia's surficial geology is Archaean or Paleoproterozoic, dated up to 3.4 billion years in the Vodlozero block. This area is the largest contiguous Archaean outcrop in Europe and one of the largest in the world.

4. According to the 2010 Census, ethnic Russians make up 82.2% of the republic's population, ethnic Karelians 7.4%. Other groups include Belarusians (3.8%), Ukrainians (2%), Finns (1.4%), Vepsians (0.5%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population. Currently Russian is the only official language of the republic. Karelian, Veps, and Finnish are officially recognized languages of the republic since 2004, and their survival is promoted.

5. Petrozavodsk is the only city in Russia which was named after the emperor Peter I. The name of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the Karelian Republic, consists of two words, “Petro” (Peter) and “zavod” (rus. factory). This refers to the history of the first settlement which appeared in 1703 during the construction of a weapons factory which was decreed by Peter’s I, so the armory was soon named after him. Petrozavodskaya Sloboda, the settlement itself, was founded by another decree as a place of residence for all the factory workers. The weapons manufactured at this factory were used by soldiers during the Great Northern War (1700-1721) between the Tsardom of Russia and the Swedish Empire.

6. Karelian Ladoga is the largest lake in Europe. Ladozhskoye lake or Ladoga is a freshwater lake which is 136 miles in length and 86 miles wide. At least 40 rivers flow into Ladoga. It also drains into the Gulf of Finland via the Neva River. It is the largest lake in Europe and the 15th largest freshwater lake on the planet. Karelia has a huge number of lakes (about 18% of all waterbodies) on its territory. It outstrips countries like Finland, Sweden and Canada which only have 8 to 15%. There are more than 60,000 lakes in Karelia, and most of them are more than a hectare in size. The sum of their areas across the region is 145 kms3. That makes Karelia an absolute leader with the biggest coefficient of lakes in the world.

7. Several thousand petroglyphs, the cave paintings left by the ancient Sami people, can be found around Karelia today. The drawings on cave walls and ceilings, mostly of birds, wild animals, humans and boats, are 2,000 years older than the Egyptian pyramids and 4,000 years older than The Coliseum in Rome. The Sami are indigenous people of Scandinavia which today inhabit such countries as Norway, Finland, Sweden and Russia.

More Info:
http://russiaforme.com/most-popular/karelia/5-facts-you-didn-t-know-about-karelia/
https://www.britannica.com/place/Karelia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Karelia

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Видео The republic of Lakes: 7 Facts about Karelia канала Sebastian ioan