Transcription Elongation in Eukaryotes
Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica.[1] Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all different types of RNA, RNA polymerase in eukaryotes (including humans) comes in three variations, each translating a different type of gene. A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus that separates the processes of transcription and translation. Eukaryotic transcription occurs within the nucleus where DNA is packaged into nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structures. The complexity of the eukaryotic genome necessitates a great variety and complexity of gene expression control.
Eukaryotic transcription proceeds in three sequential stages: initiation, elongation, and termination
Once the initiation complex is open, the first ribonucleotide is brought into the active site to initiate the polymerization reaction in the absence of a primer. This generates a nascent RNA chain that forms a hetero-duplex with the template DNA strand.
After escaping the promoter and shedding most of the transcription factors for initiation, the polymerase acquires new factors for the next phase of transcription: elongation. Transcription elongation is a processive process. Double stranded DNA that enters from the front of the enzyme is unzipped to avail the template strand for RNA synthesis. For every DNA base pair separated by the advancing polymerase, one hybrid RNA:DNA base pair is immediately formed. DNA strands and nascent RNA chain exit from separate channels; the two DNA strands reunite at the trailing end of the transcription bubble while the single strand RNA emerges alone.
Видео Transcription Elongation in Eukaryotes канала Hussain Biology
Eukaryotic transcription proceeds in three sequential stages: initiation, elongation, and termination
Once the initiation complex is open, the first ribonucleotide is brought into the active site to initiate the polymerization reaction in the absence of a primer. This generates a nascent RNA chain that forms a hetero-duplex with the template DNA strand.
After escaping the promoter and shedding most of the transcription factors for initiation, the polymerase acquires new factors for the next phase of transcription: elongation. Transcription elongation is a processive process. Double stranded DNA that enters from the front of the enzyme is unzipped to avail the template strand for RNA synthesis. For every DNA base pair separated by the advancing polymerase, one hybrid RNA:DNA base pair is immediately formed. DNA strands and nascent RNA chain exit from separate channels; the two DNA strands reunite at the trailing end of the transcription bubble while the single strand RNA emerges alone.
Видео Transcription Elongation in Eukaryotes канала Hussain Biology
Показать
Комментарии отсутствуют
Информация о видео
Другие видео канала
Transcription Termination in EukaryotesDNA Replication In Eukaryotes | InitiationEukaryotic TranscriptionTranscription Initiation in EukaryotesProteins and Enzymes in Eukaryotic TranscriptionProkaryotic Transcription Initiation and ElongationTranscription Made Easy- From DNA to RNA (2019)SplicingTranscription termination in eukaryotes | Eukaryotic transcription part 2Transcription Termination in ProkaryotesDNA Replication | Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic EnzymesTranscription initiation in eukaryotesTranscription in prokaryotesTranslation Initiation in EukaryotesTranslation Initiation in ProkaryotesProteins and Enzymes in Prokaryotic TranscriptionLac Operon & Gene Regulation Made Easy - Best ExplanationEukaryotic Translation AnimationOverview of Transcription