Lakhta Center. Height Gain: Made of Steel and Concrete

Multifunctional Complex Lakhta Center is becoming higher and higher.

The core is built together with assembling of a steel framework of the skyscraper. Unique features of the framework are based on the shape of the building. Its cross-section looks like a pentagram with rays twisted around the central line of the building and creating a turn of the entire building by 89 degrees.

All the floors are different, the area and shape of each floor vary. The curved facade of the skyscraper is defined by the side skyline columns. These square-cut columns with a side of one and a half meters have a slight, but visible slope. Structural design requires that each column consists of a metal core, steel reinforcement and high-strength concrete.

This combination is called a composite in the construction industry. Lakhta Center is the first building in Russia, which uses such technology

The columns are 5 times stronger than reinforced concrete columns, and faster to manufacture. Composite columns of the building are constructed in several stages. First, a cross-shaped metal core has to be prepared. One segment of the core is 8 m 40 cm long. This is the height of two typical floors of the skyscraper. The column cores were manufactured at steelmaking plants using specific technology. Each core is composed of two metal shapes
A cast I-beam is cut along the length and the resulting two equal parts are welded to another shape. The resulting cross-shaped beam provides the strength and reinforcement to the structure. After all the columns are installed, construction of transverse steel structures and reinforcement begin. The Lakhta Center builders widely use 3D modeling and simulation in engineering.

All steel structures delivered to the site are marked with unique bar codes. They assign an installation spot for each element. No error is possible. All skyscraper structures are unique and space-assigned.
To ensure maximum stability of the building 462 meters high, for every 14 floors the skyscraper has outrigger levels. These so-called additional high-rise foundations strengthen the entire tower framework. Outriggers will firmly hold the bond between the core and columns even against strong winds. Inside each outrigger, the core of the tower is connected to the composite columns by reinforced slabs and steel reinforced trusses. We have ten radial walls made of steel and concrete. In total, 189 thousand metal parts are used.

Their total weight is 30 thousand tonnes. Steel is supplied by 10 Russian and two Italian mills. That is how a rigid and stable frame is formed for the Lakhta Center, the grand engineering project of the 21st century.

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