Medical Surgical Gastrointestinal System: Gastritis

Hello Everyone, here is a gastrointestinal disorder lecture on the topic of Gastritis made easy to understand to help aide in your study sessions. I have gathered all of the important information from my Med- Surg Book (Brunners and Suddarth 12th edition) and NCLEX Review (Saunders 6th edition) that will prepare you for your nursing test whether it is for school or NCLEX.

Here are some Extra information that may help and guide you while watching the video...

Hematemesis (vomiting of blood) can also be seen with gastritis

Assessment/ Diagnostic Findings:

Gastritis is sometimes associated with achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria (absence or low levels of hydrochloric acid [HCl]) or with hyperchlorhydria (high levels of HCl). Diagnosis can be determined by an upper GI x-ray series or endoscopy and histologic examination of a tissue specimen obtained by biopsy. Diagnostic measures for detecting H. pylori infection may be used and are discussed in the section on peptic ulcers.

Medical Management:

If gastritis is caused by ingestion of strong acids or alkalis, emergency treatment consists of diluting and neutralizing the offending agent. To neutralize acids, common antacids (eg, aluminum hydroxide) are used; to neutralize an alkali, diluted lemon juice or diluted vinegar is used. If corrosion is extensive or severe, emetics and lavage are avoided because of the danger of perforation and damage to the esophagus. Therapy is supportive and may include nasogastric (NG) intubation, analgesic agents and sedatives, antacids, and IV fluids. Fiberoptic endoscopy may be necessary. In extreme cases, emergency surgery may be required to remove gangrenous or perforated tissue. A gastric resection or a gastrojejunostomy (anastomosis of jejunum to stomach to detour around the pylorus) may be necessary to treat pyloric obstruction, a narrowing of the pyloric orifice, which cannot be relieved by medical management. Chronic gastritis is managed by modifying the patient’s diet, promoting rest, reducing stress, recommending avoidance of alcohol and NSAIDs, and initiating pharmacotherapy. H. pylori may be treated with selected drug combinations.

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