Hydrodynamics – Continuity Equation | MCAT Physics Prep

Need help preparing for the MCAT physics section? MedSchoolCoach expert, Ken Tao, will teach you what you need to know about Continuity Equation in Hydrodynamics. Watch this video to learn how to do well on the physics section of the MCAT exam! In the specific situation where an incompressible fluid is moving through a pipe, its flow can be described with the continuity equation. An incompressible fluid is one where the volume cannot change, so whatever amount of fluid that enters a pipe has to be the same amount of fluid that exits the pipe. In other words, the continuity equation states that the volume flow rate (Q) into the pipe is equal to the volume flow rate out of the pipe and at any point within the pipe. The volume flow rate of a fluid, or the total volume of fluid passing through a point in a pipe, is equal the cross-sectional area (A) of that pipe times the flow speed (V) of the fluid. At any point in a pipe containing an incompressible fluid, the area times the flow speed will multiply to equal the same volume flow rate. If a part of the pipe widens, the molecules flowing through that part of the pipe will slow down, and vice versa. Consider the flow speed of blood in the aorta compared with the flow speed of blood in a capillary, assuming blood is an incompressible fluid. The cross sectional area of an aorta is much larger than the cross sectional area of an individual capillary, so if the volume flow rate is equal at every point in circulation, then the flow speed of molecules of blood moving through a capillary will be much greater. Next, remember that the aorta branches into many arteries, which branch into arterials, which branch into many capillaries. Therefore, for the net volume flow rate to remain unchanged as blood branches into many capillaries, the volume flow rates of each branching capillary must sum to equal the volume flow rate in the aorta. In summary, we can say that when a pipe splits into several different paths, the volume flow rates of each path sum to equal the total volume flow rate of the pipe. MEDSCHOOLCOACH To watch more MCAT video tutorials like this and have access to study scheduling, progress tracking, flashcard and question bank, download MCAT Prep by MedSchoolCoach IOS Link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.htd.medschoolcoach&hl=en_US Apple Link: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/mcat-prep-by-medschoolcoach/id1503000883 #medschoolcoach #MCATprep #MCATstudytools

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