1.C Programming Language History Origin and Applications.

C is the most commonly used programming language for writing operating systems. Unix was the first operating system written in C. Later Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and GNU/Linux were all written in C. Not only is C the language of operating systems, it is the precursor and inspiration for almost all of the most popular high-level languages available today. In fact, Perl, PHP, and Python are all written in C. ‘C’ seems an eccentric name for programming language. But this extraordinary sounding language is the most prevalent computer language nowadays because this is organized, high level, apparatus independent language. This allows software designers to develop programs without concerning about hardware platforms wherever they would be executed. The origin of all current language is ALGOL, presented in the initial 1960s. C was advanced from BCPL, ALGOL, and B by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Research laboratory in 1972. The cumulative popularity of C is perhaps because of its many needed qualities. This is robust language whose rich set of integral functions and workers could be usage to write any compound program. The C compiler syndicates the capabilities of assembly language with structures of a extraordinary level language and consequently this is well suitable for writing in cooperation scheme software and commercial packages. In numerous of C compilers accessible in market are inscribed in C. Programs inscribed in C are fast and efficient. This is because of its diversity of data kinds and powerful operatives. C is extremely portable. This worth those C programs written for one processor could run on additional with a slight or no alteration. Portability is significant if we strategy to usage a new processor with diverse operating scheme. C language is well suitable for organized programming, therefore requiring the operator to think of a problematic in terms of purpose modules or blocks. C allows the programmer to write directly to memory. Key constructs in C such as structs, pointers and arrays are designed to structure and manipulate memory in an efficient, machine-independent fashion. In particular, C gives control over the memory layout of data structures. Moreover dynamic memory allocation is under the control of the programmer, which inevitably means that memory deallocation is the burden of the programmer. Languages like Java and Perl shield the programmer from having to worry about memory allocation and pointers. This is usually a good thing, since dealing with memory allocation when building a high-level program is a highly error-prone process. However, when dealing with low level code such as the part of the OS that controls a device, C provides a uniform, clean interface. These capabilities just do not exist in other languages such as Java.

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