(N1) Networking Basics part5 OSI Layer 2

20220919 165848 4 – Transport -provide end to end connectivity -Segmenting - chop data into small pieces - 64-1500 bytes -Numbering and Sequencing - order – error correction -hello how are you –at destination - hello how you –are ¾ missing 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4 source send ¾ again - hello how are you - -Multiplexing and demultiplexing of protocols into TCP and UDP -Flow control / Windowing –source estimate the destination receiving packet capacity at a time –pdu - packet data unit - data in any layer called pdu -TCP Header + PDU = Segment –PDU -TCP header – segmenting,numbering, protocols(tcp/udp) -segment sent to network layer 3 – Network -routed protocols -ip address -routing protocols -igp -ripv2,eigrp, ospf, egp - bgp, is-is -Nw header + Segment = Packet –PDU -Nw header = Source IP + Destination IP -packet sends to data link layer 2 – DataLink -LLC - Logical Link Control: -WAN protocol: PPP, HDLC, frame relay, MPLS -MAC - Media Access Control: -Data Header + Packet + Data tail -S mac + D mac + Packet + CRC = Frame -CRC - Cyclic Redundancy Check – error checking -Frame send to Physical layer 1 – Physical -Frame is converted into bit stream -bit stream again converts into Electrical signal, Radio Signal or Lightwave based on media -Ethernet - UTP/STP - electrical signal -Wifi - Radio signal - 2.4GHz , 5GHz -Fiber Channel - Lightwave signal

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