Roof Framing: Renaissance Project House - Part 3B

Renaissance House Playlist:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjTMbsoHW2ehMtbNx3vTTZc-qzoHtdQkn
This will be updated as segments are added.

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The roof of your house can make a striking visual statement, but your roof is first and foremost a crucial structural element. Without this roof, the walls of this house could not stand up. Most important, the roof is your first line of defense against the elements. This is a big roof for a big house, and a lot of planning went into the design of this roof. If you’re working with a builder to design a house, you’ve got an infinite number of options when it comes to roof design. But you also want to make the right choices now to make sure your house wins the battle against the elements, and you save money in the process.
Roof Support:
Rafters defined – these are the parallel beams that support the roof (just like the joists support the floor). The rafters support decking, tar or felt paper, and shingles.
Trusses Defined– a pre-engineered option for more conventional roof designs, not an option on our Project House because of all the cuts and angles designed into the roof. The rafter crew calls the work on this Project House “stick framing”.
Consumer Tip – Pre-engineered trusses can be cheaper than a stick-frame, if the design of the roof allows.

Roof Defined – A roof exists to protect a house from the elements. A roof is a system built in three layers:
Layer #1: Decking – normally Plywood or Oriented Strand board (OSB); it’s nailed to the rafters.
The decking on our Project House is Tech Shield Radiant Barrier OSB provided by Louisiana Pacific
Layer #2: Felt paper – asphalt-saturated organic felt. It serves as a barrier so shingles don’t stick to decking under the heat of the Sun, and it prevents a reaction between the chemicals in composition asphalt and the wood material in the decking.
Layer #3: Shingles –the final layer of protection against sun, rain and wind. Shingles can be made of metal, asphalt composition, slate, clay, concrete, even rubber.
Pitch Defined – The angle or “steepness” of a roof is called the “pitch”. Pitch is measured in a ratio of drop over length. A “6/12” roof drops 6 inches for every 12 inches of roof length. 4/12 is not as steep as 10/12 or 12/12 (this is a 45 degree angle). A flat roof would be a “0/12” roof.
Consumer Tip – A roof with a higher pitch will shed water and snow better. So in the Northern sections of the country, a high-pitched roof would make sense to avoid heavy snow buildup in the winter. But there’s a cost tradeoff. Steep pitch also means it will take more lumber to build that steeper roof, so you’ll be buying a lot more roofing material to cover that roof. In warmer climates it’s not so crucial to have a high-pitched roof. A lower-pitched roof can accommodate larger rooms underneath it.

Pitch as a Design Element - The pitch of a roof plays a large part in determining the character and look of a house. A single-story house with a very high-pitched roof would look a little strange, because there may be more roof than house. On a 2-story house, the 2nd floor could consist simply of the space under a high-pitched roof.

Variety of Roof Elements Defined –
Ridge – the uppermost, horizontal crest of a roof
Valley – a line (like an inner corner) where two planes of a roof meet
Hip - a line (like an outer corner) where two planes of a roof meet

Variety of Roof Designs Defined -
Gable Roof – a ridged roof with 2 sloping sides over two vertical walls forming a triangular shape at each end.
Hip Roof – a pitched roof with 4 (or more) sloping sides.
Turrets – they are purely decorative, with no functional purpose.
Consumer Tip – Turrets are also costly to build, since you’re using rectangular building elements to create a round design
Mansard Roof – four sides slope upward to form a square peak (exists half a mile away at Glen Eagles)
Flat Roof – Most appropriate in warm climates.
Dormers – An extrusion from an upper story room.
Consumer Tip – depending on its size, a dormer can add a fair amount of usable space to an interior room, or it can increase the room’s exposure to sunlight.

Roofing materials – The Project House features concrete tiles, which are beautiful but heavy. That’s a design consideration that directly impacts the design of the roof, because that roof has to support a lot more weight than a house with composition shingles. Concrete tiles are also pretty expensive.

Since the roof is the first line of defense against the elements, it takes a beating year-round. It heats up tremendously under the Sun, and it can transfer a lot of that heat into the attic. That can interfere with the performance of the HVAC, leading to unnecessarily high utility bills. Our segment featured a product that will keep a lot of that heat out of your attic and save you money on those utility bills.

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