Cotton stem cross-section under a microscope

Under a microscope, a cross-section of a cotton stem (cotton plant) exhibits a structure typical of dicotyledonous plants. The pith in the center, rings of xylem (wood), phloem (bast), and the cortex are clearly visible. Within the xylem vessels, spiral or annular thickenings characteristic of cotton fibers can be seen. Sclerenchyma cells (long, thick-walled fibers), which are of primary value for producing textile fiber, are also distinctly observed. Under magnification, pores, cell nuclei (when stained), and intercellular spaces can be distinguished.

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