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What Was There Before The Universe Began? | Linvo Talk

#AstronomyNews #ScienceEducation #Knowledge #Science #Universe #Cosmic #Astronomy #ScienceEducation #SciencePopularization #cosmicscience #bigbang #singularity

According to the Big Bang theory, the universe expanded from a singularity, and both time and space came into being then. So what existed before the Big Bang?

[1] Hartle, J. B. and Hawking, S. W. Wave function of the Universe. Phys. Rev. D. 28(12). 2960-2975. (1983).
[2] A.D. Linde. Eternally existing self-reproducing chaotic inflanationary universe. Physics Letters B. 175(4). 395-400. (1986).
[3] Penrose, R. On the Gravitization of Quantum Mechanics 2: Conformal Cyclic Cosmology. Found Phys 44, 873–890 (2014).
[4] Alexander Vilenkin. Creation of universes from nothing. Physics Letters B. 117(1-2). 25-28. (1982).
[5] M. Gasperini, G. Veneziano. The pre-big bang scenario in string cosmology. Physics Reports.  373(1–2). 1-212. (2003).
[6] Borde, Arvind and Guth, Alan H. and Vilenkin, Alexander. Inflationary Spacetimes Are Incomplete in Past Directions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(15). 151301:4. (2003).
[7] Vilenkin, Alexander. Quantum creation of universes. Phys. Rev. D. 30(2). 509-511. (1984).

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