Concept of Computer System: The Operating System

Computer software can be defined as the intangible component of the computer system. The operating system is an interface between the computer hardware and computer users. No matter the size, every computer system requires an operating system to function effectively.

The software is the collection of programs, instructions, and data that directs the computer to perform specific tasks. There are two major types of software, namely:
• System software, and
• Application software

The system software is the backbone of the computer system. It has various functions including, controlling, integrating and managing the computer hardware components. It also interfaces between the user, application software, and hardware. It is a major functional unit of the computer system. System software can be classified as the operating system, drivers, and utilities.

The operating system is the software backbone of the computer system. Examples of the operating system include Unix, Linux, Mac Os, OS/2, Xenix, Windows, HP-UX, Android (for mobile devices), etc.

Drivers are system software that enables the use of a device in a computer system. Some are built within the scope of an operating system while some require separate installation.
Device drivers are operating system specific. A driver that works in Windows 7 may not necessarily work in windows 8. Examples of device drivers are printer drivers, video adapter drivers, network drivers, sound card drivers, etc.

Utility software is routine software that is packaged with the operating system which helps in system maintenance. Some utility software is installed separately to aid users to protect and maintaining the computer system.
It helps a user to maintain and protect the computer system but does not directly interface with the computer hardware. Examples are anti-virus software, firewalls, disk defragmenters, disk cleanup, backup and recovery managers, etc.
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