C Programming Interview Questions Part 41: Difference between ROM, RAM, Flash, and EEPROM?

C Programming Interview Questions Part 41
What is the difference between ROM, RAM, Flash, and EEPROM?

ROM
Non-volatile memory used to store permanent code like bootloaders. Usually programmed once and not modified.

RAM
Volatile memory used during program execution. Fast, readable and writable, but loses data when power is off.

Flash
Non-volatile memory that supports block-wise erase and reprogram. Commonly used for firmware updates and storage.

EEPROM
Non-volatile memory allowing byte-level erase and write. Slower than Flash but ideal for storing small configuration data.

Summary
• ROM: Fixed data
• RAM: Temporary data
• Flash: Firmware & storage
• EEPROM: Config data
• Volatility: Only RAM is volatile
• Access: Flash (block), EEPROM (byte)

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