Mozart - Violin Sonata No. 19, E flat Major K. 302 [Szeryng/Haebler]

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was one of the most influential, popular and prolific composers of the classical period. A child prodigy, from an early age he began composing over 600 works, including some of the most famous pieces of symphonic, chamber, operatic, and choral music.

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Sonata for violin & piano No. 19 in E flat major, K. 302 (K. 293b) 1778

1. Allegro (0:00)
2. Rondeau. Andante grazioso (5:45)

Henryk Szeryng, violin and Ingrid Haebler, piano

Description by Brian Robins [-]
The second of a group of six sonatas for keyboard and violin (K. 301 - K. 306) published in Paris in 1778, the G Major Sonata was composed in Mannheim in the spring of 1778. All six were written during the course of the long journey to Mannheim and Paris undertaken by Mozart (in the company of his mother Maria Anna) during 1777 and 1778. They appear to have gained their impetus from a set of sonatas by the Dresden Kapellmeister Joseph Schuster (1748-1812), which Mozart heard and played in Munich, the first stop made on the tour. In a letter to his father Leopold (the relevant passage is quoted in full in the entry for K. 301), Mozart explains that he will compose some sonatas in a similar style "if he has time" before leaving Munich. In fact he and his mother left the Bavarian city shortly afterwards, but it was presumably the model of Schuster's sonatas he had in mind when he returned to the idea in Mannheim. The novelty of Schuster's works lay not only in their exploration of a combination of German, French and Italian traits (he had studied in Italy), but also in the greater degree of equality between the two instruments than was usual in a genre in which the dominance of the keyboard part was taken for granted, a dominance still implied by the order in which the instruments were listed in all such works.

Like all but the final sonata, K. 302 is in only two movements, the preferred form of composers like J. C. Bach. Here an Allegro is followed by a Rondeau marked Andante grazioso, a movement in which Mozart highlights the increasing tendency to attain equality between the instruments by alternating the theme between the piano alone and the violin. The six sonatas K. 301-K. 306 were published as "Opus 1, No's 1-6," a confusing designation since the rubric "Op. 1" had already been used for the childhood set of sonatas also published in Paris in 1764. The title page bears a dedication to Maria Elisabeth, Electress of the Palatinate, the origination of the frequently used designation "Palatine Sonatas."

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