12 Steps to Create a Dynamic Model

Dynamic models are essential for understanding the system dynamics in open-loop (manual mode) or for closed-loop (automatic) control. These models are either derived from data (empirical) or from more fundamental relationships (first principles, physics-based) that rely on knowledge of the process. A combination of the two approaches is often used in practice where the form of the equations are developed from fundamental balance equations and unknown or uncertain parameters are adjusted to fit process data.
In engineering, there are 4 common balance equations from conservation principles including mass, momentum, energy, and species. An alternative to physics-based models is to use input-output data to develop empirical dynamic models such as first-order or second-order systems. See http://apmonitor.com/pdc/index.php/Main/DynamicModeling

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