Weibliches vs. Männliches Gehirn

Männer sind vom Mars, Frauen von der Venus? Gibt es ein männliches und ein weibliches Gehirn? - Jein. Genaueres in diesem Video.

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QUELLEN
*Die Kontroverse*
Wie die Forschung zur Erblichkeit von Intelligenz missverstanden/missbraucht wird und wie Umwelt und Gene nicht voneinander zu trennen sind: https://youtu.be/P3C6N7b3ap8

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*Brain Basics*
Das plastische Gehirn: “The brain is the source of behavior, but in turn it is modified by the behaviors it produces.”
Zatorre, Robert J., R. Douglas Fields, and Heidi Johansen-Berg. "Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning." Nature neuroscience 15.4 (2012): 528.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3660656/pdf/emss-48836.pdf

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*Auf die Größe kommt’s an*
Die bisher umfangreichste Studie:
Ritchie, S. J., Cox, S. R., Shen, X., Lombardo, M. V., Reus, L. M., Alloza, C., ... & Liewald, D. C. (2018). Sex differences in the adult human brain: evidence from 5216 UK Biobank participants. Cerebral Cortex, 28(8), 2959-2975.
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article/28/8/2959/4996558

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*Verschieden vernetzt*

Ingalhalikar, M., Smith, A., Parker, D., Satterthwaite, T. D., Elliott, M. A., Ruparel, K., ... & Verma, R. (2014). Sex differences in the structural connectome of the human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(2), 823-828.
http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/early/2013/11/27/1316909110.full.pdf

Kritische Antwort:
Joel, Daphna, and Ricardo Tarrasch. "On the mis-presentation and misinterpretation of gender-related data: the case of Ingalhalikar’s human connectome study." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111.6 (2014): E637-E637.
http://www.pnas.org/content/111/6/E637

Antwort der Autoren:
Ingalhalikar, Madhura, et al. "Reply to Joel and Tarrasch: On misreading and shooting the messenger." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2014): 201323601.
http://www.pnas.org/content/111/6/E638

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*Typisch Mann, typisch Frau - typisch Ich?*

Die Mosaik-Theorie - Warum es nicht DAS männliche Gehirn und DAS weibliche Gehirn gibt
Joel, Daphna, et al. "Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences112.50 (2015): 15468-15473.
http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/112/50/15468.full.pdf

Methodenkritik:
Del Giudice, M., Lippa, R. A., Puts, D. A., Bailey, D. H., Bailey, J. M., & Schmitt, D. P. (2015). Mosaic Brains? A Methodological Critique of Joel et al.(2015).
http://cogprints.org/10046/1/Delgiudice_etal_critique_joel_2015.pdf

Antwort der Autoren:
Joel, D., Persico, A., Hänggi, J., Pool, J., & Berman, Z. (2016). Reply to Del Giudice et al., Chekroud et al., and Rosenblatt: Do brains of females and males belong to two distinct populations?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(14), E1969-E1970.
http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/14/E1969.full.pdf
0/2514/296735

weitere Antworten aus dem Fachkreis unter “This Article has a reply”-Kästchen: http://www.pnas.org/content/112/50/15468.short

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*Equal but not the same*

Warum Geschlechterunterschiede im Gehirn wichtig sein könnten:
Cahill, Larry. "Why sex matters for neuroscience." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 7.6 (2006): 477.
http://www.duluth.umn.edu/biology/documents/Meitzen2.pdf

http://dana.org/Cerebrum/2014/Equal_%E2%89%A0_The_Same__Sex_Differences_in_the_Human_Brain/
vs.
http://dana.org/Cerebrum/2014/Reaction_to_%E2%80%9CEqual_%E2%89%A0_The_Same__Sex_Differences_in_the_Human_Brain%E2%80%9D/

Видео Weibliches vs. Männliches Gehirn канала maiLab