James II and the Glorious Revolution (The Stuarts: Part Four)

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Charles II was succeeded by his brother, James II, a Catholic whose ascension to the throne caused an immediate succession crisis. An effort by the Whigs in Parliament to exclude James from the succession failed, as did the Monmouth Rebellion. James punished those who had participated in the Monmouth Rebellion fiercely with the help of the "Hanging Judge" Jeffreys in what are known as the Bloody Assizes. Over 1,000 people were executed or deported, with over 200 hanged, drawn, and quartered.

As a Catholic monarch of a Protestant nation, James sought to promote Catholicism through a Declaration of Indulgence, which he ordered to be read in the churches. After encountering resistance from the "Seven Bishops," James had them prosecuted for seditious libel. James also dismissed members of his administration for refusing to convert to Catholicism and gave preference to Catholics (aka, "Papists") for government employment in violation of the Test Acts.

After James and his wife had a son, Parliament sought the help of William of Orange, who invaded England and took the throne along with his wife, Mary Stuart. William and Mary signed the English Bill of Rights, which guaranteed liberties to the English people and free elections of Parliament. This is known as the "Glorious Revolution," as it was relatively bloodless - at least in England - and a king was overthrown without a full-fledged civil war. Since the Glorious Revolution, the monarchy has become increasingly ceremonial in function, subject to the lawmaking authority of Parliament.

This is the fourth part of my four part lecture on the Stuarts, the English Civil War, and the Glorious Revolution.

View Part 1: https://youtu.be/zKrK5iDz6ps
View Part 2: https://youtu.be/vWtnHWG48Bg
View Part 3: https://youtu.be/MPMaJGs6K-Q

Видео James II and the Glorious Revolution (The Stuarts: Part Four) канала Tom Richey