Anarchism: Vignettes Against Hobbes
This is a story about medieval Maghribi merchants, Kalahari San Bushmen, American ranchers, Arctic Inuits, Pygmies, The Semai, and Wisconsin businessmen.
At what price, under the point of whose spear, under what kind of domination, to what justification, would a person give up their capacity to decide for themselves? Or to contribute to the deliberative will of the collective? Who would give up that freedom?
What can stateless cultures and societies tell us about sovereign power? Anthropologist Christopher Boehm has summed up his survey of 339 studies and said that ‘nomadic foragers’ have a natural aversion to inequality and ‘are universally – and all but obsessively – concerned with being free from the authority of others.’
All of the vein pretenses that Hobbes argued would generate violence, in fact, on closer inspection motivate peace. When he said that competition leads to greed, he didn’t give enough weight to the observation that cooperation is more beneficial. When he thought that the desire for reputation would leave to a pursuit of glory he failed to see that reputation selects for kindness, cooperation, and conformity. The sharp tongue of gossip is the most powerful ostraciser. And when he argued that equality of strength would lead to endless war he forgot that equality of condition, of faculties, of the capacity for reason, leads to that most human of values: fairness.
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Sources:
Andrew Rutten, Anarchy Order and the Law : A Post-Hobbesian View
Avner Greif, Contract Enforeability and Economic Institutions in Early Trade: The Maghribi Traders’ Coalition
Simon Halliday and Patrick Schmidt, Stewart Macaulay and “Non-Contractual Relations in Business”, https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/conducting-law-and-society-research/stewart-macaulay-and-noncontractual-relations-in-business/6BF5926A6CFE30920CEAD87F77E552CA
Stewart Macaulay, Non-Contractual Relations in Business: A Preliminary Study
Harold Barclay, People without Government
Rutger Bregman, Humankind
Peter Kropotkin, Mutual Aid
Robert Ellickson, Order Without Law: How Neighbours Settle Disputes
Видео Anarchism: Vignettes Against Hobbes канала Then & Now
At what price, under the point of whose spear, under what kind of domination, to what justification, would a person give up their capacity to decide for themselves? Or to contribute to the deliberative will of the collective? Who would give up that freedom?
What can stateless cultures and societies tell us about sovereign power? Anthropologist Christopher Boehm has summed up his survey of 339 studies and said that ‘nomadic foragers’ have a natural aversion to inequality and ‘are universally – and all but obsessively – concerned with being free from the authority of others.’
All of the vein pretenses that Hobbes argued would generate violence, in fact, on closer inspection motivate peace. When he said that competition leads to greed, he didn’t give enough weight to the observation that cooperation is more beneficial. When he thought that the desire for reputation would leave to a pursuit of glory he failed to see that reputation selects for kindness, cooperation, and conformity. The sharp tongue of gossip is the most powerful ostraciser. And when he argued that equality of strength would lead to endless war he forgot that equality of condition, of faculties, of the capacity for reason, leads to that most human of values: fairness.
Then & Now is FAN-FUNDED! Support me on Patreon and pledge as little as $1 per video: http://patreon.com/user?u=3517018
Or send me a one-off tip of any amount and help me make more videos:
https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=JJ76W4CZ2A8J2
Buy on Amazon through this link to support the channel:
https://amzn.to/2ykJe6L
Follow me on:
Facebook: http://fb.me/thethenandnow
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thethenandnow/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/lewlewwaller
Subscribe to the podcast:
https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/then-now-philosophy-history-politics/id1499254204
https://open.spotify.com/show/1Khac2ih0UYUtuIJEWL47z
Sources:
Andrew Rutten, Anarchy Order and the Law : A Post-Hobbesian View
Avner Greif, Contract Enforeability and Economic Institutions in Early Trade: The Maghribi Traders’ Coalition
Simon Halliday and Patrick Schmidt, Stewart Macaulay and “Non-Contractual Relations in Business”, https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/conducting-law-and-society-research/stewart-macaulay-and-noncontractual-relations-in-business/6BF5926A6CFE30920CEAD87F77E552CA
Stewart Macaulay, Non-Contractual Relations in Business: A Preliminary Study
Harold Barclay, People without Government
Rutger Bregman, Humankind
Peter Kropotkin, Mutual Aid
Robert Ellickson, Order Without Law: How Neighbours Settle Disputes
Видео Anarchism: Vignettes Against Hobbes канала Then & Now
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