What Is Spinal Compression Fracture?

What Is Spinal Compression Fracture? Dr Arun L Naik explores osteoporotic spinal fractures in this video. Spinal compression fracture symptoms are back pain and numbness in limbs. Spinal compression fracture causes are osteoporosis and trauma. Treatment of Spinal compression fracture is by medications and surgery. Spinal compression fracture relief depends upon the extent of fracture. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures are done to correct the fractures. The type of fracture in the back bone that is caused by osteoporosis is usually called as a compression fracture. These compression fractures can occur in vertebrae anywhere in the back bone , but they are seen most commonly in the lower thoracic vertebrae (e.g. T10, T11, T12).  Next location is upper lumbar segments as well, such as L1.A spinal fracture due to osteoporosis (weak bones) is usually called  as a compression fracture. Also called as a vertebral fracture, osteoporotic fracture, or wedge fracture. 

What are the Compression Fracture Symptoms

How common is a Spinal Fracture

Vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis are common. In fact, it is estimated that approximately 25% of all postmenopausal women have had a vertebral compression fracture. Compression fracture can also be due to a Trauma to the spinal vertebrae from a fall, a forceful jump or a traffic accident in younger people.  One more reason for a spinal fracture is Some types of cancer.  Examples are spinal plasmacytoma, hemangioma or a metastatic tumor from some other cancers in the body.
What is the treatment of CF

Treatment of a spinal fracture caused by osteoporosis is usually two-pronged, one treatment of the fracture, and two treatment of the underlying osteoporosis that led to the fracture.

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Some tips to prevent an OP.

1. Calcium rich healthy diet. milk, cheese and other dairy foods are very rich in calcium. Daily recommended dose of calcium is 1-1.5 gram depending on your age and height. The remaining will come from diet such as green leafy vegetables – such as spinach, soya drinks with added calcium, fortified bread and fish such as sardines. Oranges kiwi fruit mulberries guava papaya and passion fruit. One orange gives 40-60 mg of calcium depending upon the variety.

2. Sun exposure : bcs you need sunlight to activate your vitamin D in the body.

3. Avoid smoking : Smoking is a known risk factor for op.

4. Limit alcohol: Like smoking drinking excess alcohol reduces absorption of calcium from stomach and deposition in to bones.
5. Limit caffeine : Drinking more than 6 cups of coffee is shown to cause op in many studies. So limit your caffeine. 
6. Do regular weight-bearing exercise. It is shown that performing daily exercises is essential to keep your bones in perfect shape as you age.

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References

1. Dewar C. Diagnosis and treatment of vertebral compression fractures. Radiol Technol. 2015 Jan-Feb;86(3):301-22.

2. Descamps J, Lamerain M. Vertebral Compression Fractures Treated in Acute by Instrumented Kyphoplasty: Early and Mid-Term Clinical and Radiological Results. Biomed Res Int. 2019 Dec 10;2019

3. Adams MA, Dolan P. Biomechanics of vertebral compression fractures and clinical application. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2011 Dec;131(12):1703-10.

4. Choma TJ, Orr RD. Management of the Elderly With Vertebral Compression Fractures. Neurosurgery. 2015 Oct; 77 Suppl 4:S33-45.

5. Filippiadis DK, Marcia S. Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: Current Status, New Developments and Old Controversies. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2017 Dec;40(12):1815-1823

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