There is no solution to the Kashmir problem when 'K' in Pakistan stands for Kashmir: TCA Raghavan

In this episode of Latitude, Frontline's weekly show on foreign policy and global affairs, senior journalist and host Nirupama Subramanian speaks to former High Commissioner to Pakistan T.C.A. Raghavan in the context of escalating tensions between India and Pakistan after the Pahalgam terror attack. A historian and accomplished writer who has authored four books since retiring from the Indian Foreign Service including 'The People Next Door: The Curious History of India's Relations with Pakistan', Raghavan says that as far as speculation around a possible India-Pakistan war is concerned, some tactical military operation will certainly take place because there is a certain public expectation that some punitive action be taken given the scale of the Pahalgam massacre. He also believes that India putting the Indus Waters Treaty "in abeyance" is a strong signal and plays on Pakistan's vulnerability regarding its water security.

Context:

It has been two weeks since the horrific attack on April 22, 2025, on tourists in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir. India has confirmed that two of the attackers crossed the border from Pakistan. Indian security agencies have attributed the attack to a group named The Resistance Front, which India claims is a proxy of Lashkar-e-Taiba, the Pakistan-based terrorist group believed to be supported by the Pakistan Army. In the past 15 days, India has taken several punitive measures against Pakistan, including suspending the Indus Waters Treaty, cancelling Pakistani visas, sealing the designated crossing point at Attari-Wagah, halting postal services, banning all imports from Pakistan, and denying permission to Pakistani commercial ships at Indian ports. While a military escalation is widely expected, it has not yet occurred. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has stated that the armed forces have been given a free hand to determine the nature and timing of any military response. Meanwhile, the ceasefire along the Line of Control is under strain. India claims that Pakistan is provoking the Indian Army with daily cross-border firing incidents.

Highlights:
Will India and Pakistan go to war over India's retaliatory measures following the Pahalgam terror attack
How Pakistan will react to the curtailment of waters under the Indus Waters Treaty
Is an India-Pakistan border crisis around the corner or is this mere aggressive posturing
India's options for retaliation and deterrence in the aftermath of the Pahalgam masscare
What India's ideal response should be to the Pahalgam terror attack
A short history of India-Pakistan diplomatic relations post-Independence and since 2014

Perfect for:
People who wish to understand India-Pakistan relations
People interested in Indian foreign policy
People interested in world affairs
Those who are interested in how Pakistan's security establishment wages a proxy war against India
Those interested in history of India-Pakistan border crises
Those who like listening to interviews about geopolitics in South Asia

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Credits:

Host: Nirupama Subramanian
Editing: Razal Pareed
Production Assistant: Kavya Pradeep M.
Producer: Abhinav Chakraborty

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