EQUILIBRIUM OF A RIGID BODY_PART 02

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EQUILIBRIUM OF A RIGID BODY: Definition: Equilibrium is the state when all the external forces acting on a rigid body form a system of forces equivalent to zero. There will be no rotation or translation. The forces are referred to as balanced. A rigid body is said to be in rotational equilibrium, if the body does not rotate or rotates with constant angular velocity. For this, the net external torque or the vector sum of all the torques acting on the body is zero. A body is in rotational equilibrium, when algebraic sum of moments of all the forces acting on the body about a fixed point is zero. Partial Equilibrium: A body is said to be in partial equilibrium if it is in translational equilibrium and not in rotational equilibrium or the body may be in rotational equilibrium and not in translational equilibrium. Principle Of Moments:According to the principle of moments, a body will be in rotational equilibrium if algebraic sum of the moments of all forces acting on the body about a fixed point is zero. Centre of Gravity: The centre of gravity of a body is a point where the weight of the body acts and total gravitational torque on the body is zero. The centre of gravity of the body coincides with the centre of mass of the body. If the body is so extended that varies from part to part of the body, then the centre of gravity shall not coincide with the centre of mass of the body.The CG of a body of irregular shape can be determined by the following method. Suspend the body from some point such as A. Draw the vertical line AA1. It passes through CG.Similarly, draw vertical lines BB1 and CC1 by suspending the body from some other points B and C, etc. The point of intersection G of these verticals gives us the position of CG of the irregular body.

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