Congenital anomalies of Lungs: Pulmonary hypoplasia

Developmental defects of the lungs include:
Agenesis or hypoplasia of both lungs,
one lung,
or single lobe
Tracheal and bronchial anomalies
(atresia, stenosis,
tracheoesophageal fistula)
Vascular anomalies
Congenital lobar overinflation (emphysema)
Foregut cysts
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid malformation
Pulmonary sequestrations
Pulmonary Hypoplasia
Incomplete or defective development of both lungs.
One may be more affected than the other
Pulmonary hypoplasia results in decreased weight, volume, and acini disproportionate to the body weight and gestational age
Pulmonary hypoplasia is the most common congenital lesion of the lung,
It is found in 10% of neonatal autopsies.
90% occurs in association with other congenital anomalies as:
Hypoplasia of bronchi & pulmonary vessels
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia,
Renal cystic diseases,
Renal agenesis,
And Trisomies 13, 18, and 21.
Pathogenesis
It is caused by a variety of abnormalities that compress the lung(s) or impede normal lung expansion in utero such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia and oligohydramnios.

Видео Congenital anomalies of Lungs: Pulmonary hypoplasia канала Pathology Prof. Dr. Tahany Eissa