The Difference Between Caliph, Sultan, Emir & more | Ranks of Middle Eastern Monarchs Explained

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00:00 Introduction
00:34 Shah/Shahanshah/Padishah
01:38 Malik (King)
03:14 Hākim/Hakem
03:34 Imam
03:51 Caliph
05:13 Wali al-Ahd (Designated Heir)
06:13 Emir
07:25 Sultan

We will go over the different tiers and ranks of monarchs within the middle east.

Music by Vindsvept (Munin's Return)
https://www.youtube.com/user/Vindsvept
CC BY 4.0 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Sources:
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fx1by4b1HzEC&pg=PA112&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padishah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakim_(title)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imamate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate

Kadi, Wadad; Shahin, Aram A. (2013). "Caliph, caliphate". The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought: 81–86

Al-Rasheed, Madawi; Kersten, Carool; Shterin, Marat (2012). Demystifying the Caliphate: Historical Memory and Contemporary Contexts. Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-19-932795-9. (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EAMqBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false)

Ringmar, Erik (2020). 4. The Muslim Caliphates. OBP collection. Open Book Publishers. pp. 73–100. ISBN 978-1-78374-024-6. Retrieved 7 April 2022. (https://books.openedition.org/obp/9091)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wali_al-Ahd
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir
https://web.archive.org/web/20160807041830/https://americanbedu.com/2010/03/23/saudi-arabia-hrh-or-hh/
http://www.datarabia.com/royals/familytree.do
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_of_Sultans

James Edward Montgomery (2004). ʻAbbasid Studies: Occasional Papers of the School of ʻAbbasid Studies, Cambridge, 6-10 July 2002. Peeters Publishers. p. 83. ISBN 978-90-429-1433-9. (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VHZXeOs_xYsC&pg=PA83&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false)

Riad Aziz Kassis (1999). The Book of Proverbs and Arabic Proverbial Works. BRILL. p. 65. ISBN 90-04-11305-3. (https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_zvXrQ7W7PEC&pg=PA65&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false)

Kramers, J.H.; Bosworth, C.E.; Schumann, O.; Kane, Ousmane (2012). "Sulṭān". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill.

Duri, A.A. (2012). "Amīr". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill.

Esposito, John L., ed. (2003). "Sultan". The Islamic World: Past and Present. Oxford University Press.

Turan, Ebru (2009). "Sultan". In Esposito, John L. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford University Press.

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