Camille Pissarro | Pointillism and Beyond

Camille Pissarro was a French Impressionist painter.

Pissarro was born in the West Indies in 1830. He moved to Paris in 1855 to study painting and, admiring the work of Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, asked him to teach him. As a student of Corot, Pissarro’s early work was considered part of the Barbizon school, with which Corot was associated. The Barbizon school had a reputation for painting in the open air and choosing realist subjects, such as scenes of peasants at work and village life. In 1859, while attending the Acadamie Suisse, an informal art school in Paris, Pissarro met Claude Monet as well as Cézanne. Through the 1860s they met regularly, along with other artists who would become Impressionists, including Renoir, Sisley and Bazille (who would be killed in the Franco-Prussian war), sharing ideas and a desire to paint realistic subjects in natural settings. Pissarro was a big influence particularly on the early work of Cézanne. In 1870, at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian war, Pissarro moved to London, as did Monet, before returning to Pontoise, outside of Paris. On his return to France he discovered that almost all of his paintings done over the past 20 years had been destroyed. In 1873 Pissarro was central to setting up the ‘Société Anonyme des artistes, peintres, sculpteurs, graveurs’, a collective of like minded artists, in response to the rejection of the new style of Impressionist painting by the established art scene. The group comprised about thirty artists including Monet, Cézanne, Degas, Morisot, and Renoir. The group held their first Impressionist exhibition a year later, to which the majority of the art work reacted with predictable shock and scorn. In all there were eight Impressionist exhibitions over the following twelve years. Pissarro was the only artist to exhibit at all of them. And he was not only great painter, but seen as a father figure of the group, keeping it together and settling disputes. He was the eldest, and a strong influence in the early stages of their career on Monet, Cézanne , Gaugin, Van Gogh, among others. Pissarro continued to develop his style through his life through new friendships with artists such as Seurat and Signac. He died in 1903 in Paris.

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