Defining Features of Single Subject Designs | 6th ed. BCBA® Task List Guide D4 | ABA Exam Review

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Single-Case Experimental Designs Explained | ABA Design, Repeated Measures & More
Learn everything about single-case experimental designs where individuals serve as their own controls! This complete tutorial covers the defining features including repeated measures, prediction, verification, replication, baseline phases, and intervention phases used in behavioral research.
What You'll Learn:
✅ What are single-case experimental designs?
✅ Individuals serve as their own controls
✅ Repeated measures and continuous assessment
✅ Baseline and intervention phases
✅ Prediction, verification, and replication principles

Participants Serve as Their Own Controls: Instead of comparing different groups, single-case designs compare one individual's behavior across different phases (baseline vs. intervention). This eliminates between-subject variability.
Repeated Measures: Continuous, systematic measurement of the dependent variable across multiple time points. Unlike group designs with pre-test and post-test only, single-case designs collect extensive data throughout all phases.
Prediction: Establishing a stable baseline pattern allows researchers to predict what would happen without intervention. The baseline serves as a counterfactual prediction.
Verification: When behavior changes immediately after introducing the intervention and the change is consistent with predictions, this verifies the treatment effect.
Replication: Demonstrating experimental control through:

Within-subject replication: Repeating phases (ABAB design) to show the effect occurs multiple times
Across-subject replication: Showing the effect works with different individuals
Across-behavior replication: Demonstrating effects on multiple behaviors
Across-setting replication: Proving effects generalize to different environments

Common Single-Case Designs:
ABA Design (Reversal Design): Baseline (A) → Intervention (B) → Return to Baseline (A). Demonstrates experimental control by showing behavior returns to baseline levels when treatment is withdrawn.
ABAB Design: Adds a second intervention phase after the second baseline, addressing ethical concerns by not ending on withdrawal and providing stronger replication evidence.
Multiple Baseline Design: Introduces intervention at different times across behaviors, individuals, or settings while maintaining baselines. No reversal needed, making it ideal for irreversible behaviors.
Changing Criterion Design: Gradually shifts performance criteria across phases, showing behavior systematically tracks the changing criterion.

Visual Analysis Tips:
Look for changes in level (mean performance), trend (direction of change over time), and variability (consistency of data). Strong experimental control shows immediate changes when conditions shift, with stable patterns within phases.
Common Questions:
How many data points do you need in baseline? What if behavior doesn't reverse? Can you prove causation with one subject? How is this different from case studies? Why not just use group designs? What are the limitations of single-case designs?

Hashtags:
#SingleCaseDesign #ExperimentalDesign #AppliedBehaviorAnalysis #ABADesign #ResearchMethods #RepeatedMeasures #BehaviorAnalysis #Psychology #SpecialEducation #BCBA #ClinicalPsychology #WithinSubjectDesign #BaselineData #ResearchDesign #AcademicSuccess
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