most common interview question #tech #backend #systemdesign #gratitude #fyp #shortvideo #ytshorts

Answer: Never say "api gateway team handles it" in interviews....

they will think u dnt understand api security... Security is handled at multiple layers.... the API Gateway protects the entry point... while backend services enforce authentication, authorization, and validation.

✓ 1. API Gateway Security

All requests first go through the API Gateway which handles authentication, rate limiting, IP whitelisting and threat protection.

2) Authentication

Every endpoint requires authentication using JWT/OAuth2 tokens to verify the user or system calling the API.

3) Authorization

We enforce role-based access control (RBAC) so only authorized users can access specific endpoints.

Example:

/admin/* → only admin users

/user/profile → authenticated users only

4) HTTPS / TLS

All endpoints are exposed only over HTTPS to ensure encrypted

communication.

5) Input Validation

Validate request body, headers, and parameters to prevent SQL injection, XSS, and malicious payloads.

6) Rate Limiting

Applied at the API Gateway or service layer to prevent abuse and protect endpoints from traffic spikes.

7) Token Expiry

Use short-lived tokens and refresh tokens to reduce risk if a

token is compromised.

8) Logging & Monitoring

All endpoint calls are logged and monitored to detect suspicious activity or failures.

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