introduction of cell|chapter 3,lecture 1|9th class new Biology book 2025|Anser #9th

introduction of cell|chapter 3,lecture 1|9th class new Biology biology25

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Introduction to the Cell

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. Every living thing, from the simplest bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like humans, is composed of cells. These microscopic units carry out essential life processes, including growth, reproduction, and metabolism. The study of cells, known as cell biology, has revolutionized our understanding of life.

Discovery of the Cell

The discovery of the cell is one of the most significant milestones in biology. In 1665, Robert Hooke, an English scientist, was the first to observe and describe cells. Using a primitive microscope, he examined thin slices of cork and noticed tiny, box-like structures, which he named “cells” because they resembled the small rooms (or cellula) in a monastery.

Later, in the 1670s, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek improved microscope technology and became the first to observe living cells, including bacteria and protozoa, which he called "animalcules."

Further advancements in cell research led to the development of the Cell Theory in the 19th century, proposed by Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow. This fundamental theory states that:

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living beings.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

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