A Talk On Why People Get A Heart Attack At A Young Age - By Dr. V.S. Ramchandra (Cardiologist)

In this talk show Dr. Ramchandra, Senior Interventional Cardiologist at Sri Sri Holistic Hospitals, shares his views on why people get a heart attack at a young age and at what age one should get a heart screening test

Question to Doctor: What do you think about this new COVID strain?

Doctor: At present, in India, we have old covid strains and new strains are very few. We should be careful as new covid strain entered the country and we have to take all the previous precautions like social distancing, wearing a facial mask and sanitizing hands regularly.
If we can vaccinate 50% of the country population, it will help to arrest the spread of new covid strain, and any Covid Vaccine can help this.

Caller to Doctor: I Had a stroke 4 years back, have 3 blocks in my heart and placed stents using the medicine. Do I need to replace the stents?

Doctor: I think it is not a block, but you have a narrowing in 3 blood vessels. When blood vessels is blocked by 100%, you will get a heart attack.

Some people do not have any symptoms, and even they have 70% to 90% of narrowing in blood vessels, 90% of the people don't have any symptoms until complete blockage, and the first signs are heart attack.

For you, they have placed the stents to the complete blocked blood vessel. You have to continue the medicine further and a drug-coated stent may lower the chance of the artery closing back up in the future and most stents stay for the long term.

Caller to Doctor: What kind of diet and exercise can reduce the risk of a heart attack in future?

Doctor: Universally heart problem is the commonest cause of death; there are 3 most common causes of heart diseases

1) Lack of physical activity
2) Diet
3) Stress

Practice 30 minutes of meditation daily to reduce stress, brisk walking for 45 minutes per day, cycling is also good and you can do Surya Namaskar daily to stay fit.
You should do a brisk walk and slow walking is not a cardio exercise meant to raise your heart rate. During exercise, your heart rate should be 220 minus your age.
Diet is the most important thing to reduce heart disease; you should maintain a healthy weight. Do not use polished cereals and avoid fried food.

The next thing is you need to have a regular health checkup (Bp, Sugar etc). American heart association has recommended a health checkup from 20 years old instead of 40 years old.
80% to 90% of heart disease can be prevented by following the above.
Caller to Doctor: Why am I fatigued during exercise (walking)? I have sugar (400 counts).

Doctor: Usually heart problem has 5 symptoms

1) Chest pain
2) Shortness of breath
3) Cold sweat
4) Heart palpitations
5) Sudden dizziness

Chest pain is the crucial signs and symptoms followed by shortness of breath (while walking). Only through investigation, we can say you have heart problems or not.

A simple one is the treadmill test for diabetic patients (12 minutes) and variations in ECG tests to identify heart problem, but this test is not 100% accurate. Another test called the CT-Calcium score test, measures the amount of calcium in your coronary arteries. When the amount of plaque increase in the artery wall, calcium deposit also increases.

We also do an Echocardiogram test to know how your heart muscle and valves are working. Heart attack risk is more common in a diabetic patient than in those who don't have diabetes.
One thing to take care of diabetes patient is to reduce the cholesterol level to half from the present level.

Question: Why people get a heart attack at a young age?

Sudden death is due to sudden cardiac arrest. Usually, genetic condition plays the role here and it occurs unexpectedly in healthy people. You are at increased risk if you have a family history of heart diseases.

Heart disease is not common in young people, but it happens due to a very poor lifestyle, sleep pattern, and stress that is causing heart problems in young people.

Question: What are the importance of each of these tests ECG, ECHO, CT Angiogram?

ECG helps to know the rhythm problems in the heart
Echocardiogram show how your heart muscle and valves are working.
A CT angiogram can show narrowed or blocked areas of a blood vessel (We need to inject special dye in vien)
CT calcium score test is a simple test to know the amount of calcium deposit in arteries.
A blood test is to know the sugar levels, cholesterol levels and others.

By doing all these tests, you can predict heart diseases and it is a preventable disease. Most Indians have metabolic syndromes due to which heart attack tendency is higher than compared with any other ethnic group.

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