BIOGRAPHY OF GENERALISSMO FRANCISCO FRANCO SPAIN & SPANISH CIVIL WAR 50034

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This documentary from 1961 is part of the ‘Biography’ series created in the 1960’s by David L. Wolper and narrated by Mike Wallace. This episode takes a look at Francisco Franco prior to, during and after the Spanish Civil War which took place from 1936 to 1939. Francisco Franco is pictured at (:39). Mike Wallace informs viewers Franco had ruled as a dictator for a quarter of a century (1:27). Spanish army troops are seen moving through the streets (2:11). Franco’s early youth is depicted (3:04) beginning with his birth in Galicia in 1892. Franco is pictured at fourteen during his enrollment at a military academy (3:12) and at seventeen (3:23) following graduation when he had become a 2nd Lieutenant in the Spanish army. Spanish naval vessels are seen loaded with troops in 1912 (3:34) as Franco volunteered to aide in squashing native uprisings in Morocco. Franco rose to become the youngest General in any European army at the age of 32 (4:12). Franco returned to Spain as a national hero in the 1920’s and participated in a motion picture film (4:28). The King at the time was Alfonso XIII (4:50) and much of the population was being exploited by the ruling class (5:01). Civil unrest reached a head in 1930 (5:21) as civilians are seen protesting and running through the streets (5:42). After the government fell and the King fled, Spain became a republic (5:51). Crucial elections were held in 1936 (5:59) as candidates are seen delivering speeches to the public (6:03). Footage follows of the political left which was comprised of anarchists, liberals, socialists and communists (6:07). The political right is shown which was comprised of the Spanish army, fascists, landowners, monarchists and the Catholic Church (6:21). Franco had become a key figure in a plot against the political left which had won the election (6:31). Cannons are seen erupting as the Spanish Civil War broke out in July of 1936 (6:49). Armed Spanish civilians are seen who remained loyal to the republic (7:06). A Soviet flag is seen on a jeep. The Soviets supplied the loyalists (7:34). The International Brigade is shown comprised of foreign volunteers who fought on the side of the Loyalists (7:45). US forces called themselves Abraham Lincoln and George Washington Brigades (7:57). Franco took command of the Spanish Army (8:14) and took aid from Italy and Germany (8:22). The German Luftwaffe Condor Legion fly overhead and bomb Spanish cities (8:42). Fascists pull civilians (9:42) from homes for mass executions (9:47). Franco is pictured behind the lines directing the Spanish Army (10:33). Block to block combat with troops ducking behind barricades follows (11:20). Loyalists were overwhelmed by the Spanish Army (11:29). Pedestrians move through Barcelona after the fighting ceased with their belongings (11:57). In March of 1939 as the war ended, Franco addresses the public (12:17). Images of his face are hung on building walls (12:27). A train delivers Franco to Germany (13:48) in 1940 as he meets with Hitler (13:57) and swears allegiance. Franco gives the Nazi salute (14:12). Franco is also seen meeting with Mussolini (14:44) as both dictators attempted to sway Franco to join WWII. Political members of the Fascist party (15:22). Franco gave the Catholic Church large subsidies and made Catholicism the official religion (15:45). Franco’s fascist government took control of all industrial production, prices, wages, labor unions and employees (16:48). Some of Franco’s relatives which had been made officials through nepotism are seen (17:02). He is then seen visiting scientists in 1940 (17:19). Some of the Spanish civilians who were living as serfs (17:39). Evita Perone, the wife of Argentinean President Juan Peron visited Franco (17:59). The pair enjoy bull fights (18:14) as Evita waves to the matador (18:18). In the 1950’s, during the Cold War, U.S. officials offered Franco diplomatic recognition in exchange for bases in Spain (18:42). Eisenhower steps from Air Force One (19:01) to provide Franco with nearly a billion in aid. Eisenhower delivers a speech while standing next to Franco (19:08). Prince Rainier III and Princess Grace; also known as the film actress Grace Kelly (19:58), paid Franco a visit. Towards the end of his life, Franco is pictured with his grandchildren (20:10) in his backyard and hunting for sport (20:43). A Victorian era carriage is seen as he slipped further into the past (21:23). The massive tomb which Franco had built for himself in his seventies (22:26). The film concludes (23:37).

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